AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/290
Consultant psychiatrist, mental health department, federal teaching hospital, ido-ekiti & lecturer, afe babalola university, ado-ekiti, ekiti state, nigeria.
*Corresponding Author: Adekeye, A. P, Consultant psychiatrist, mental health department, federal teaching hospital, ido-ekiti & lecturer, afe babalola university, ado-ekiti, ekiti state, nigeria.
Citation: Adekeye, A. P, lawal, M. A, Elegbede, A. O, Akanbi, S. A, Annafi, B. S, et al, (2024), Substance Use Disorders Among Psychiatric Inpatients: Prevalence, Pattern and Co-Morbidities, Psychology and Mental Health Care, 8(7): DOI:10.31579/2637-8892/290
Copyright: © 2024, Adekeye, A. P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Received: 26 June 2024 | Accepted: 24 July 2024 | Published: 05 August 2024
Keywords: drug-resistant epilepsy; focal cortical dysplasia; children; GFAP; S100
Up to 10.5 million children suffer from epilepsy, one-third of whom develop drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) requiring surgical treatment. In temporal lobe epilepsy, drug resistance reaches 38% of all cases, and patients with this form of the disease have a higher risk of disability and mortality. The European Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has identified glial mechanisms of seizures and epileptogenesis as a research priority. The purpose of our study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of expression of the cytoskeletal protein glial fibrillar acid protein (GFAP) and the protective protein S100 in children with epilepsy associated with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Biopsy material from fragments of the temporal lobe of the brain was retrospectively studied at pathology department of Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, obtained intraoperatively from 16 patients (7 girls, 9 boys) with locally caused EEG aged from two to 17 years, with an average age of 9.5 years. Autopsy material from six patients who died from somatic diseases and had no history of neurological disorders was used as a comparison group. Of these, 2 girls and 4 boys aged from 3 to 14 years, with an average age of 8 years, were observed in our study. We observed a significant increase in the expression of GFAP and S100 in the brain tissue of children with FCD when simile to the comparison group. There were no differences in the expression of GFAP and S100 depending on the gender or age of the patients. The correlation between GFAP and S100 proteins was weak in all regions studied. Thus, in the area of the epileptic focus occur in children, active processes of repair of nervous tissue and the mechanisms for increasing the levels of the studied proteins can serve as potential therapeutic targets in DRE therapy, which will prevent secondary neurodegeneration in these patients
Substance use disorders are disorders of global health concern as they are part of the NMDS group of disorders earmarked for attention by the World Health Organization through the mental health gap action programme (mhgap) and they contribute to the global burden of disease. The global annual prevalence of drug use among adult population of 15 – 64 years of age was reported as 5.6%, while in Nigeria, it was 14.4%. Apart from alcohol, cannabis was the most used substance, while cocaine was the least used in Nigeria.[1] In another report, the burden of substance use in Nigeria among students and youths was found to be about 20%. [2]. Prevalence is the number or frequency of existing cases of disease in a defined population at a given point in time. [3]. Substance use disorders refer to conditions arising from the misuse of alcohol, psychoactive drugs, or other chemicals such as volatile substances. These include intoxication, harmful use, dependence, amnestic disorder, substance-induced psychotic disorder etc. [4]. In a cross-sectional study conducted among patients admitted to four public hospitals in South Africa, tobacco and alcohol were the most misused substances and the median age of respondents was 38 years. [5]. In a similar study done on the determinants and prevalence of relapse among admitted patients with substance use disorders in Rwanda, Kabisa and colleagues found that majority of the respondents (84.1%) were males and that poly-substance use, living with peers and hospitalization of less than 3 months were associated with higher rates of relapse. [6] In a study among patients attending an emergency hospital in Egypt, cannabis was found to be the most abused drug, followed by tramadol. Predictors of substance abuse were: younger age (below 30 years), male and being single with unsatisfactory income. [7]
In Nigeria, a lifetime prevalence of 69.2% for substance abuse was found among inpatients admitted to a neuropsychiatric hospital in Northern Nigeria and cannabis was the leading substance of abuse, followed by opioids. [8] In a study done among patients attending three primary care clinics in Benin, it was reported that males were more likely to use cannabis and tobacco regularly, while widowed respondents more likely to use sedatives and opioid analgesics regularly. [9] In Zaria, the lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use among psychiatric outpatients of a tertiary hospital was reported as 29.3%, while that of multiple substance was reported as 17.7% and the commonly used substances were alcohol, cannabis and tobacco. Also, the prevalent co-morbid disorders were schizophrenia and psychotic disorder. [10]
Aim and Objectives
The study aims to determine the 12-month prevalence of substance use disorders among admitted patients at the Mental Health ward of Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti with the following objectives:
- To determine 12-month the prevalence of substance use disorders among psychiatric inpatients
- To determine the pattern of substance use among the patients over the 12-month period
- To determine the prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders among those with substance use disorders
Methodology
The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study among eighty-eight (88) patients admitted into the male and female mental health wards of Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti. Secondary data was collected through the patients’ folders over a 12-month period. The diagnoses were made with the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, which is a standardized diagnostic manual. Details of patients’ socio-demographic qualities, clinical histories, and diagnosis were be obtained. Two resident doctors were employed as research assistants who looked into the Nurses’ records of admission for a back-dated period of 12 months starting from the time of ethical approval for the research. This enabled them to obtain the hospital numbers of the patients for adequate retrieval at the medical records unit. A spreadsheet was prepared with the hospital number, necessary sociodemographic qualities e.g age, occupation, average monthly income, clinical history and diagnosis set as columns to be filled. In all, the names of the patients were not recorded so as to maintain their confidentiality. Since the data used is secondary, no harm was done.
Ethical Approval
An ethical consideration and approval was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics Committee of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti to proceed with the study.
Data will be analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 23.
Prevalence Of Substance Use Disorders
Figure 1: Shows the 12-month prevalence of substance use disorders among the psychiatric inpatients. Thirty-four patients (38.6%) were managed for substance use disorder within the period being studied, while fifty-four patients (51.4%) had no diagnosis of substance use disorder.
Pattern Of Substance Use Among Those with Substance Use Disorders
Table 1: Shows the pattern of substance use among the patients with substance use disorders. It is pertinent to note that substances were used singly or in multiples among patients in the study. Nineteen patients (55.9%) used cannabis singly, two patients (5.9%) used cigarette, cannabis in addition to inappropriate use of codeine, while two patients (5.9%) used pentazocine inappropriately. Cannabis was the most abused substance as 26 patients (76.5%) used cannabis in total.
Prevalence Of Co-Morbid Psychiatric Disorders Among Those with Substance Use Disorders
Figure 2: Shows the prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders among those with substance use disorders. Three patients (8.8%) had no psychiatric disorders, twelve patients (35.3%) had schizophrenia, while nineteen patients (55.9%) had psychotic disorder.
Prevalence Of Substance Use Disorders
The prevalence of substance use disorder was found to be 38.6% in this study. This was lower than a prevalence of 69.2% in a similar study among Psychiatric inpatients in Sokoto. [8] The difference in values may be in the methodology as the prevalence in this study was within a 12-month period, while that in Sokoto was a lifetime prevalence. Also, reports have shown that there’s a higher rate of substance use and misuse among dwellers of Northern part of Nigeria than those in the Southwest. [10] However, Jatau and colleagues, in a systematic review reported a prevalence of 14.4% among the general population and 20.9% among community youths in the country. [2]
Pattern Of Substance Use Among Those with Substance Use Disorders
Cannabis was the most used single substance in this study and in terms of combination, cannabis, alcohol and tobacco were the most combined in different patterns. This is in line with a previous study that reported cannabis as the commonest substance of abuse in the country. [2] Also, Bakare and Isah reported cannabis as the commonest substance of abuse among in patients with substance use disorders in Sokoto. [8] However, alcohol was found as the commonest substance of abuse among respondents in a similar study conducted by Dapap and colleagues among the attendees of the accident and emergency of a tertiary hospital in Jos, Nigeria. [11] The difference in findings may be due to the difference in the clinical departments used in both studies. The pattern of combination of substances in this study was in line with a similar study in Zaria, Nigeria. The similarities may be due to the fact that the two legal substances illicitly used in Nigeria are tobacco and alcohol, while cannabis is the commonest and cheapest illegal psychoactive substance being used in Nigeria. [10] In essence, the use of substance in the society is affected by availability, affordability, and accessibility.[4]
Prevalence Of Co-Morbid Psychiatric Disorders Among Those with Substance Use Disorders
This study shows that schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were the two co-morbid psychiatric disorders among those diagnosed with substance use disorder. Studies have shown that prior use of cannabis and or tobacco increase the risk for psychosis in later life. [4] Findings from this study appears to be in keeping with the latter point as cannabis was the most used single substance and was also largely used in combination with tobacco by a significant number of patients. At the neurochemical level, this may not be farfetched as both cannabis and tobacco result in high elaboration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and other brain regions, resulting in higher propensity for psychosis. [12] Also, schizophrenia as a diagnosis may lead to the use of psychoactive substances owing to a response to symptoms like hallucination commanding its use or the patient trying to find a way to eliminate or suppress the voices. Previous studies done in Nigeria have reported schizophrenia and psychosis among the prevalent psychiatric disorders occuring in patients with substance use disorders. [4] [12]
This study is a cross-sectional hospital-based study and the findings may not totally the reveal the real proportion and pattern of substance use and abuse in the community. Also, the study was done with secondary data from case notes, hence the possibility of some missing data.
Substance use disorder is of a great public health concern as it traverses the biological, psychological and social paradigms considered in the aetiology, management and prognosis of psychiatric disorders. Necessary public policies can help in curtaling its spread in the society.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
