AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9392/089
Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing/ Sivas/Turkey, ORCID: 0000 0002 2235 8084
*Corresponding Author: GÜRCAN ARSLAN, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing/ Sivas/Turkey.
Citation: GÜRCAN ARSLAN (2022). Evaluation of the Difference Between non-COVID-19 Pneumonia and COVID-19 Pneumonia Nursing Care. Archives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study, 5(3); DOI:10.31579/2692-9392/089
Copyright: © 2022 GÜRCAN ARSLAN, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 07 October 2021 | Accepted: 03 January 2022 | Published: 10 January 2022
Keywords: chest diseases; hypertension; inflammatory
Aim
This study was aimed to contribute to the nursing care of COVID-19 pneumonia by determining the similarities and differences in nursing care for COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia.
Methods
This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the nursing care applied to 84 pneumonia patients who were hospitalized in Sivas Numune Hospital Chest Diseases Service between 2018-2019 and 81 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia between May and November 2020.
Results
COVID-19 pneumonia patients were older than non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients (p<0.001), and the majority of patients were hypertensive and diabetic (p<0.05). The most common symptom for COVID-19 pneumonia patients is dyspnea (p<0.05) while for non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients it is fever (p<0.001). 77.8% of COVID-19 pneumonia patients but non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients had bilateral pneumonia with the feature of multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on CT images. LDH, CRP, PCT, AST/ALT, and D-dimer levels increased significantly higher in COVID-19 pneumonia patients than in COVID-19 pneumonia patients (p<0.001). 26.2% of non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients, all of COVID-19 pneumonia patients' liver function tests, and coagulation factors were regularly monitored. COVID-19 pneumonia patients received %100 of patients antiviral drugs, 74.1% of patients corticosteroids, 92.5% of patients anticoagulant, 39.5% psychological support different from non-COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion
D-dimer and procalcitonin elevation in patients who develop pneumonia due to COVID-19 may be indicators of the need for intensive care in nursing care. Besides, it was concluded that liver functions and DVT follow-up in COVID-19 pneumonia should be included in nursing care.
The new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, in December 2019 and was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. While there were approximately 72 million people infected with COVID-19 in the world until 30 Januray 2021, more than 2.5 million people who died were recorded [1,2].
While relieving the symptoms of patients who are admitted to healthcare institutions and who are positive for COVID-19 is considered a priority, especially antiviral drugs are used and patients under treatment are isolated to prevent the spread of the virus [3,4].
COVID-19 is quite new in nursing care because it is a new disease. Nurses in the care of patients infected with COVID-19; continue to provide symptom relief in line with their experiences [5,6]. Nurses, who are at the forefront of combating COVID-19, need evidence-based practices in their care. The definition of many complications, including pneumonia, caused by COVID-19 is quite new [2,6]. It has been reported that pneumonia develops in approximately 5% of COVID-19 cases and most of these patients need intensive care and most of the deaths are related to this disease [1,2,7].
Nursing care applied to these patients is based on both COVID-19 patient procedure and patient care with pneumonia [2,5,8-10]. The symptoms of pneumonia caused by the virus are similar to symptoms of influenza virus-related respiratory diseases are very common, especially in winter 11-13]. However, the laboratory and radiological findings of this new disease differ from the findings of pneumonia [13,14]. However, clinical manifestations are very important for identifying patients infected with COVID-19 and applying treatment and nursing care correctly. COVID-19 pneumonia nursing care matures during the pandemic process. Therefore, nurses need guidelines for this new disease and its developing complications.
This study was conducted to contribute to the nursing care of COVID-19 pneumonia by determining the similarities and differences in nursing care for COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia.
2.1 Study design and participants
This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the nursing care applied to 84 pneumonia patients who were hospitalized in Sivas Numune Hospital Chest Diseases Service between 2018-2019 and 81 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia between May and November 2020.
Research approval (2020-05/28) was granted by the ethics board of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine/Turkey.
2.2 Research Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
(1) being over 18 years (2) confirmed COVID‐19 based on a positive RNA test (3) presence of ground-glass opacity in computed tomography (CT); considered compatible with COVID-19 pneumonia. (4) Non-COVID-19 cases of pneumonia.
In consideration of the complex factors affecting pregnant women, they were excluded andthis file data was not investigated when there was missing information in file records.
2.3 Data Collection
Clinical charts, Nursing records, laboratory findings, and chest X-ray records were reviewed by the researcher for all COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients from May to November 2020. To decrease the possible effects on laboratory results, evaluated these patients with similar duration of COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia in this study. Clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were accessed from hospital records. The researcher did not communicate with patients or family. The patients' records were not investigated when there was missing information in the records.
2.4 Statistical Analysis
Categorical data were described as continuous data as median with interquartile range (IQR) and percentages (%). Nonparametric comparative test for continuous data and χ2 test for categorical data were used to compare variables between groups. Differences were considered significant at p < 0>
Demographic Characteristics of Cases
Demographic characteristics of cases are shown in Table 1, 81 COVID-19 pneumonia patients and 84 non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients had included in this study. The mean age was 68.40± 13.29 (32-94) years and 58.85± 14.79 (27-78) years in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. There were 26(32.1%) female COVID-19 pneumonia patients, and 30(35.7%) female non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients. COVID-19 pneumonia patients have the highest hypertension (60.4%), non-COVID-19 patients have COPD (30.9%) comorbidity.
COVID-19, coronavirus 2019; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD; Cardiovascular diseases, CVD
p* Mann-Whitney U test
p** chi-square test
n*** More than one answer was given and percentages were taken from n.
Illness Features of Patients
Illness features of patients are shown in Table 2. On admission, the most common symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia patients were (75.3%) dyspnea, (34.5%) fever, and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients have the most common symptoms of (80.9%) fever and (66.7%) cough. Less common symptoms of illness were headache (9.8%, 13.1%) and sore throat (12.3%, 1.2%) in COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients. There was a statistical difference between patients.
On admission, of the 81 COVID-19 patients, 62 (73.8%) had bilateral involvement, 75 (92.5) multiple lobular ground-glass opacity (Table 2) in COVID-19 patients. In comparison, of 84 non-COVID-19 patients, only 22 (26.1%) had bilateral involvement and, except for 3(3.5%) patients who had multiple patchy and mottling shadows with partial ground-glass opacity (Table 2). There was a statistical difference between patients.
COVID-19, coronavirus 2019; CT, computed tomography
P* chi-square test
Laboratory Test Results of the Patients
Laboratory test results of the patients are shown in Table 3. In this study, white blood cell (WBC) counts of investigated COVID-19 pneumonia patients were in the normal range (8.99±4.20) but non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients were not in the normal (12.36±0.72). There was a statistical difference between patients.
Compared with non- COVID-19 pneumonia, COVID-19 pneumonia patients had higher levels of ratio of neutrophils (>0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (<0>0.05) (Table 3).
Nursing Care and Treatments
Nursing Care and treatments of the patients are shown in Table 4. Similar nursing practices applied to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients; isolated room, maintain rest-sound sleep, maintain personal hygiene, oral care, monitor vital signs, management fever, maintain SpO2>90%, maintain acid-base balance, 30-45 degrees head-end elevation, assessing the risk of pressure sores, provide fluids and nutritious high protein diet with vitamins and minerals. However different nursing practices applied to COVID-19; pron position, follow-up of patients who need dialysis treatment due to pneumonia, follow-up coagulation profile (Procalcitonin, LDH, D-dimer), liver-renal function (ALT, AST, Creatine, Urea, Albumin), assessing signs of DVT and psychological support. 60 patients (74.1%) received corticosteroid, 49 patients (60.4%) received expectorant, 41 patients (50.6%) received vitamin C or B complex, 75 patients (92.5%) received anticoagulant. All of the COVID-
19 pneumonia patients received the antiviral drug, while non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients received antibiotics (Table 4).
In this article, the nursing care of COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients was retrospectively reviewed.
This study was found that male patients had a higher incidence of disease COVID-19 pneumonia. The mean age of COVID-19 pneumonia patients was significantly older than that of non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients (p<0>
The clinical data showed that dyspnea, fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms in both groups of patients. However, the most common symptom for COVID-19 pneumonia patients is dyspnea (p<0>
In laboratory findings, the count of WBC (p<0>0.05) in most COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients has changed (Table 3). This result suggests that COVID-19 pneumonia and other respiratory virus infections developed inflammatory immune responses [3].
This study results that COVID-19 pneumonia patients, LDH, CRP, and PCT levels increased significantly (p<0>0.5 µg/L [15,19]. In a recent study, COVID-19 patients treated in intensive care had a higher level of LDH, CRP, and PCT [17].
In the COVID-19 pandemic, determining the patient who will need intensive care in advance can provide significant contributions in terms of time gain in nurse care and the conduct of the intensive care process.
This study data showed that levels of liver function-associated markers (ALT and AST) were significantly higher in COVID-19 pneumonia patients than in COVID-19 pneumonia patients (p<0>
This study data showed that level of D-dimer was significantly higher in COVID-19 pneumonia patients than in non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients (p<0>
COVID-19, coronavirus 2019; CT, computed tomography
P* Mann-Whitney U test
Dynamic changes of D-dimer levels during the disease were prognostic of poor outcome in Chinese patients [21,22]. Tang et al (2020) said that; a close correlation has been observed between blood levels of D-dimer and COVID-19 disease severity [23]. Changes in D-dimer levels can be monitored to evaluate the nurses' COVID-19 process.
When the nursing care given to COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients were evaluated; in addition to similar nursing care, it has been determined that different applications are performed due to laboratory and radiological findings (Table 4).
In this study, 26.2% of non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients in nursing care plans, all of COVID-19 pneumonia patients' liver function tests (AST, ALT, LDH) and coagulation factors (PCT, D-dimer) were regularly monitored (Table 4). In a large studies from China, patients with severe COVID-19 seem to have higher rates of AST/ALT, LDH [18,21,22].
Liver damage in patients with COVID-19 might be caused by the viral infection of liver cells since pathological studies in patients with COVID-19 confirmed the presence of the virus in liver tissue because angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the entry cell receptor for SARS-CoV2 is expressed in both liver cells [24-28]. It is recommended that COVID-19 pneumonia patients should be monitored regularly in terms of AST / ALT and LDH values, to prevent liver damage and to start treatment early in nursing care. Almost all (92.5%) patients with COVID-19 pneumonia receive anticoagulant treatment in the patient files examined due to the study (Table 4). High coagulation indicators in COVID-19 patients reveal the need for anticoagulant therapy [28,29].
Also, it was determined in the study that DVT risk assessment was performed in nursing care applied to COVID-19 pneumonia patients (Table 4). Studies have reported large and small venous and arterial blood clots in COVID-19 patients [30,31]. Nurses should be careful about deep vein thrombosis. Mindful to carefully evaluate COVID-19 pneumonia patients for signs of clotting, such as unilateral swelling or redness [16,32].
According to the results of this study, some pharmacologic treatments are applied to COVID-19 pneumonia patients (all patients antiviral drugs, 74.1% of patients corticosteroids, 92.5% of patients anticoagulant) different from non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients (Table 4). Used antiviral drugs, had anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory effects and are found to be effective in the management of COVID-19 but some antiviral drugs are known to cause AV blocks, cardiomyopathies, and retail damage [33-35]. Nurses should closely cardiac monitor and regularly checks patients' QT intervals for these adverse effects [32].
Low-dose corticosteroid therapy should be employed in adult patients with COVID-19 disease [1,2]. The corticosteroid therapy has side effects therefore it is recommended to monitor vital signs and side effects [36,37]. This situation is and further studies are needed. The inclusion of family members in the educational process meets the international patient’s safety requirements and shows the nurse’s concern about patient care during and after the hospitalization [38-40]. In the nurse care plans examined in this study, it was determined that (39.5%) COVID-19 pneumonia patients need psychological support different from non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients (Table 4).
The uncertainty, fear, and anxiety caused by the fact that COVID-19 is a new disease [41,42]. In the study conducted by Mazza et al. (2020) it is stated that COVID-19 has negative effects on psychological health and this situation causes the disease to be experienced with more severe symptoms [42].
Nurses should care about not only the improvement of physiological symptoms but also their psychological well-being in the care of individuals infected with COVID-19. For this reason, enriching nurse care plans for methods of coping with stress can be a guide.
4.1 Limitations and further research
There are several limitations to this study. First, the sample size was very small and COVID-19 disease is new. Second, inability to access some patient files.
Based on the current study, future research may use a large sample coverage and follow-up approach in the treatment process to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 pneumonia. The reflections of laboratory findings on nursing care can be investigated more comprehensively at certain intervals during the treatment process.
COVID-19 pneumonia requires different nursing care from non-COVID-19 pneumonia due to differences in laboratory results and radiological findings. COVID-19 pneumonia draws attention with the high rate of liver function tests such as AST / ALT, LDH, infection markers in the blood and coagulation factors such as PCT and D-dimer during the hospital stay compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonia. These laboratory findings such as AST/ALT, LDH, PCT, and D-dimer elevation in patients who develop pneumonia due to COVID-19 may be indicators of the need for intensive care in nursing care. Besides, it was concluded that liver functions and DVT follow-up in COVID-19 pneumonia should be included in nursing care. There is an urgent need to establish a systematic and scientific system for the effective control and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia, which is among the complications of COVID-19.
5.1 Relevance to clinical practice
Since COVID-19 is a new disease factor, it makes nurses who are at the forefront of controlling the pandemic with its symptoms, findings, and treatment process. In this study, it was determined that COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia differ in terms of signs and symptoms. Unlike non-COVID-19 pneumonia in COVID-19 pneumonia; liver function tests such as AST/ALT, LDH, infection markers in the blood, and coagulation factors such as PCT and D-dimer stand out with the increase. Regular follow-up of these values can contribute to the proper organization of the hospital stay by ensuring that nurses have information about patient prognosis. Also, as a result of these findings, it is thought that they may contribute to the prevention of complications such as DVT. In the care of COVID-19 pneumonia, it is seen that acute improvement of symptoms is prominent by taking advantage of the care experiences of nurses for viral diseases. For this reason, it is thought that guidelines should be established at the earliest stage to maintain effective COVID-19 nursing care.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
