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Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/434
1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
2National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing 100176, China.
*Corresponding Author: Fanlin Meng, National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, CapitalBio Technology, Beijing 100176, China.
Citation: Chang Xie, Zhenhua Wu, Jie Li, Siyao Dong, Yonghong Ren, et al, (2025), Etiologic Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infection using Sputum Samples and Quantitative Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (qLAMP) in Tianjian, China, J Clinical Research and Reports, 17(2); DOI:10.31579/2690-1919/434
Copyright: © 2025, Fanlin Meng. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 07 November 2024 | Accepted: 07 February 2025 | Published: 28 February 2025
Keywords: acute kidney injury; knee; arthroplasty
This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qLAMP) technology in the diagnosis of postoperative pulmonary pathogens and to evaluate its performance with that of conventional bacterial culture methods. The study encompassed 580 patients with a cardiac history, from whom sputum samples were collected postoperatively for the purpose of conducting qLAMP and bacterial culture tests. The findings reveal that qLAMP is capable of rapidly and accurately detecting pulmonary pathogens. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of the clinical characteristics of the patients in light of the qLAMP results, uncovering significant correlations between age, smoking index, and postoperative tissue oxygen saturation levels with the incidence of pulmonary infections. The findings emphasize the potential of qLAMP in enhancing the accuracy of postoperative pulmonary infection diagnoses, providing a new rapid diagnostic tool for clinical use.
Ischemic heart disease (ICM) is the leading global killer, accounting for 16% of the total number of deaths worldwide [1]. Although narrowings in many areas can be effectively treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), there are still some blockages that require surgical intervention. Surgical coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard treatment for revascularization of left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease [2]. Up to 14% of patients who undergo CSBG seek medical attention within 30 days of discharge due to postoperative complications [3-5]. The postoperative complications, including sternal wound infections, pneumonia, thromboembolic phenomena, graft failure, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, pericardial effusion, strokes, renal injury, gastrointestinal insults, and hemodynamic instability, can result in significant morbidity and mortality [6].
Pulmonary complications in the postoperative period are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality [7; 8]. In previous studies, certain interventions have been found to be effective in significantly reducing postoperative pulmonary complications. For example, it has been shown that the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients who quit smoking for more than 2 months is lower compared to those who quit smoking for 2 months or less (57.1% vs 14.5%) [9]. In addition, the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications is lower in patients who receive preoperative lung function optimization (including bronchodilators, antibiotics, and various combinations of systemic corticosteroids) compared to patients who did not receive preoperative optimization [8]. Correct diagnosis of pathogens helps in the appropriate use of antibiotics, thereby reducing the incidence of postoperative pneumonia complications in patients.
Culture method is the gold standard for identifying bacteria and fungi, but traditional bacterial culture has low sensitivity and often delays target antibiotic therapy. Quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qLAMP) as a new implement for detecting pathogens is earlier, faster, more sensitive, and more specific than culture [10]. In this study, the culture and qLAMP methods were used to identified the potential pathogens that can cause complication in pneumonia.
An rapid innovative method for etiology identification, the quantitative loop-mediated isothermal arnplification (qLAMP), has already been used in the diagnosis of virus, fungus, parasite, and tuberculosis infections and is now commercially available [11]. It is a novel assay that focuses on the genetics of pathogens based on rapid nucleic acid amplification method. This technique has two important advantages such as rapid diagnosis and high sensitivity In addition．qLAMP is also a high specific assay,which could detect different bacteria with quantified copies． Considering the excellent timeliness and accuracy of qLAMP we initiated a pilot, prospective study to investigate the value of qLAMP to guide target antibiotics therapies in a small group of patients with Pulmonary infeciton after operation．
Patients’ selection
A total of 580 with a history of heart disease diagnosed by physicians in Tianjin Chest Hospital were consecutively enrolled in this study. They had typical characteristics of pneumonia, for example①fever , ②leukopenia or leukocytosis ③exacerbated dyspnea [12]. Written consent was obtained from all patients prior to recruitment. All participating researchers were trained thoroughly on patient enrollment, sample collection, and clinical information entry.
Procedures of qLAMP
The approach to sample and information collection was based on previous studies [13]. After liquefied in an equal volume of 10% NaOH, DNA specimen of each sample was isolated using the Universal Kit for Bacterial DNA Extraction (Capitalbio Corporation, China)．The specimens were then prepared for qLAMP using a set of specific primers for Streptococcus pneumonia (SP), Staphylococcus aureus (SA),
| Patient ID | Patient Name | Case Number | Admission Date (AA001) | Gender (AA002) | Age(AA003) | Pneumonia | Smoking History(AA015) |
| 633 | S1 | S07465 | 2022-02-15 | Female | 65 | NO | Previously |
| 994 | S2 | S17307 | 2022-07-05 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 1111 | S3 | S18075 | 2022-07-14 | Male | 57 | NO | Previously |
| 469 | S4 | S03621 | 2021-12-07 | Female | 61 | NO | Never |
| 621 | S5 | S06739 | 2022-02-09 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 637 | S6 | S07430 | 2022-02-16 | Male | 63 | YES | Previously |
| 670 | S7 | S08943 | 2022-03-03 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 714 | S8 | R71310 | 2022-03-24 | Male | 63 | NO | Previously |
| 731 | S9 | S11010 | 2022-04-01 | Male | 79 | NO | Never |
| 745 | S10 | S11155 | 2022-04-11 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 768 | S11 | S12196 | 2022-04-19 | Male | 62 | NO | Never |
| 769 | S12 | S12090 | 2022-04-19 | Male | 55 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 800 | S13 | T34652 | 2022-04-27 | Male | 62 | YES | Never |
| 877 | S14 | S14177 | 2022-05-24 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 888 | S15 | S14555 | 2022-05-26 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 939 | S16 | S15699 | 2022-06-14 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 942 | S17 | S16032 | 2022-06-14 | Male | 78 | NO | Never |
| 959 | S18 | S16485 | 2022-06-21 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 960 | S19 | S16308 | 2022-06-21 | Female | 56 | YES | Never |
| 982 | S20 | S16839 | 2022-06-30 | Male | 63 | NO | Never |
| 984 | S21 | S16799 | 2022-06-30 | Male | 73 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1001 | S22 | S17593 | 2022-07-06 | Male | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 1106 | S23 | S17857 | 2022-07-13 | Male | 61 | NO | Previously |
| 1110 | S24 | S17984 | 2022-07-14 | Male | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1115 | S25 | S18190 | 2022-07-18 | Male | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 1132 | S26 | S18498 | 2022-07-22 | Female | 72 | NO | Never |
| 479 | S27 | S03677 | 2021-12-09 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 486 | S28 | S03749 | 2021-12-13 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 488 | S29 | R37681 | 2021-12-13 | Male | 70 | NO | Previously |
| 506 | S30 | S04089 | 2021-12-17 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 507 | S31 | S03264 | 2021-12-17 | Female | 77 | NO | Never |
| 509 | S32 | S04163 | 2021-12-20 | Male | 61 | NO | Recently |
| 557 | S33 | S05283 | 2022-01-04 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 566 | S34 | S06013 | 2022-01-06 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 574 | S35 | T14192 | 2022-01-08 | Male | 45 | NO | Previously |
| 577 | S36 | S03497 | 2022-01-10 | Female | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 589 | S37 | R60882 | 2022-01-14 | Male | 62 | NO | Previously |
| 592 | S38 | S06158 | 2022-01-18 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 595 | S39 | S06083 | 2022-01-19 | Male | 79 | YES | Previously |
| 596 | S40 | S06357 | 2022-01-19 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 605 | S41 | S06646 | 2022-01-26 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 610 | S42 | S06795 | 2022-01-28 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 624 | S43 | S07059 | 2022-02-10 | Male | 74 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 625 | S44 | R49153 | 2022-02-11 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 627 | S45 | S02417 | 2022-02-11 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 634 | S46 | T90906 | 2022-02-15 | Male | 63 | NO | Previously |
| 636 | S47 | S07797 | 2022-02-21 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 642 | S48 | S07836 | 2022-02-18 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 643 | S49 | S07981 | 2022-02-20 | Female | 73 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 650 | S50 | R96138 | 2022-02-23 | Male | 67 | YES | Previously |
| 654 | S51 | S08274 | 2022-02-24 | Male | 60 | NO | Never |
| 660 | S52 | T47400 | 2022-02-28 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 662 | S53 | S08554 | 2022-02-28 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 663 | S54 | S08386 | 2022-03-01 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 686 | S55 | S09441 | 2022-03-10 | Male | 81 | NO | Never |
| 697 | S56 | S09762 | 2022-03-16 | Male | 62 | YES | Never |
| 700 | S57 | S08654 | 2022-03-17 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 707 | S58 | S10185 | 2022-03-21 | Male | 61 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 708 | S59 | S09130 | 2022-03-22 | Male | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 713 | S60 | S10320 | 2022-03-23 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 718 | S61 | S10741 | 2022-03-28 | Male | 74 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 719 | S62 | S10154 | 2022-03-28 | Male | 66 | NO | Previously |
| 748 | S63 | S11604 | 2022-04-12 | Female | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 755 | S64 | S11710 | 2022-04-13 | Male | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 765 | S65 | S12165 | 2022-04-18 | Male | 80 | NO | Previously |
| 770 | S66 | S11872 | 2022-04-19 | Female | 75 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 773 | S67 | R07653 | 2022-04-20 | Male | 66 | YES | Previously |
| 802 | S68 | S08908 | 2022-04-27 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 822 | S69 | S13161 | 2022-05-07 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 827 | S70 | S13345 | 2022-05-09 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 830 | S71 | S12818 | 2022-05-09 | Female | 56 | NO | Never |
| 832 | S72 | S13092 | 2022-05-10 | Male | 35 | NO | Previously |
| 839 | S73 | S13704 | 2022-05-11 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 841 | S74 | S13510 | 2022-05-12 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 846 | S75 | S13054 | 2022-05-13 | Male | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 873 | S76 | S14418 | 2022-05-23 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 875 | S77 | S14399 | 2022-05-23 | Male | 68 | YES | Recently |
| 879 | S78 | R80255 | 2022-05-24 | Male | 65 | YES | Previously |
| 880 | S79 | S14389 | 2022-05-24 | Male | 60 | NO | Never |
| 882 | S80 | S14505 | 2022-05-25 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 889 | S81 | S14702 | 2022-05-27 | Female | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 891 | S82 | S14604 | 2022-05-26 | Female | 57 | NO | Never |
| 892 | S83 | S14597 | 2022-05-27 | Male | 59 | NO | Previously |
| 896 | S84 | S14696 | 2022-05-30 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 919 | S85 | S15538 | 2022-06-07 | Male | 60 | NO | Previously |
| 924 | S86 | S15314 | 2022-06-08 | Male | 46 | NO | Never |
| 932 | S87 | S15666 | 2022-06-10 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 933 | S88 | S15148 | 2022-06-10 | Female | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 934 | S89 | S15441 | 2022-06-13 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 940 | S90 | S15601 | 2022-06-14 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 946 | S91 | S15999 | 2022-06-15 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 948 | S92 | S15887 | 2022-06-16 | Male | 54 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 962 | S93 | S16459 | 2022-06-22 | Male | 74 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 964 | S94 | S14589 | 2022-06-23 | Male | 74 | NO | Never |
| 974 | S95 | S16960 | 2022-06-27 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 978 | S96 | S16880 | 2022-06-29 | Female | 78 | NO | Previously |
| 992 | S97 | S17172 | 2022-07-04 | Male | 42 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 995 | S98 | S17322 | 2022-07-05 | Male | 63 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 997 | S99 | S17350 | 2022-07-05 | Male | 69 | YES | Previously |
| 1005 | S100 | S17727 | 2022-07-08 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1009 | S101 | S17820 | 2022-07-11 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 1107 | S102 | S17835 | 2022-07-13 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 1120 | S103 | S18118 | 2022-07-19 | Male | 66 | NO | Previously |
| 1121 | S104 | S18330 | 2022-07-20 | Female | 59 | NO | Never |
| 1123 | S105 | R04519 | 2022-07-20 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 1130 | S106 | S18425 | 2022-07-22 | Male | 48 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1131 | S107 | S18054 | 2022-07-22 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1135 | S108 | T72067 | 2022-07-25 | Female | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 1137 | S109 | S18721 | 2022-07-25 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 1148 | S110 | S19102 | 2022-07-28 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 445 | S111 | T05927 | 2021-11-26 | Male | 70 | YES | Previously |
| 484 | S112 | R98520 | 2021-12-13 | Male | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 487 | S113 | S03589 | 2021-12-13 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 490 | S114 | S03960 | 2021-12-14 | Male | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 495 | S115 | S03888 | 2021-12-15 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 496 | S116 | S03893 | 2021-12-15 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 500 | S117 | R47647 | 2021-12-16 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 503 | S118 | S03610 | 2021-12-16 | Female | 51 | NO | Never |
| 504 | S119 | S04145 | 2021-12-17 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 505 | S120 | S04116 | 2021-12-17 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 513 | S121 | S04476 | 2021-12-20 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 535 | S122 | S04439 | 2021-12-27 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 538 | S123 | S05132 | 2021-12-28 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 550 | S124 | S05193 | 2021-12-30 | Male | 84 | NO | Never |
| 553 | S125 | S05168 | 2022-01-03 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 554 | S126 | S05503 | 2022-01-03 | Male | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 565 | S127 | S05248 | 2022-01-05 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 568 | S128 | S05907 | 2022-01-06 | Male | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 576 | S129 | S06141 | 2022-01-10 | Male | 70 | NO | Never |
| 579 | S130 | S05961 | 2022-01-10 | Male | 55 | NO | Previously |
| 597 | S131 | S06416 | 2022-01-20 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 600 | S132 | S06264 | 2022-01-25 | Female | 74 | YES | Never |
| 602 | S133 | S06703 | 2022-01-25 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 614 | S134 | S06822 | 2022-02-07 | Male | 77 | NO | Never |
| 615 | S135 | S07014 | 2022-02-07 | Male | 57 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 629 | S136 | S07263 | 2022-02-14 | Male | 54 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 622 | S137 | S06995 | 2022-02-10 | Male | 74 | NO | Previously |
| 623 | S138 | R81960 | 2022-02-10 | Male | 62 | NO | Previously |
| 626 | S139 | S07058 | 2022-02-11 | Male | 75 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 631 | S140 | R28536 | 2022-02-14 | Male | 63 | NO | Previously |
| 638 | S141 | S07458 | 2022-02-17 | Female | 77 | NO | Previously |
| 639 | S142 | S07823 | 2022-02-17 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 641 | S143 | S07424 | 2022-02-17 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 648 | S144 | S07572 | 2022-02-22 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 651 | S145 | S07930 | 2022-02-23 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 655 | S146 | T23620 | 2022-02-24 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 657 | S147 | S08272 | 2022-02-25 | Female | 59 | NO | Recently |
| 659 | S148 | S08002 | 2022-02-25 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 668 | S149 | S08303 | 2022-03-02 | Female | 64 | NO | Never |
| 674 | S150 | S09152 | 2022-03-08 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 682 | S151 | S09081 | 2022-03-09 | Male | 64 | YES | Previously |
| 685 | S152 | S09491 | 2022-03-10 | Male | 65 | NO | Previously |
| 687 | S153 | S09617 | 2022-03-10 | Male | 71 | NO | Never |
| 691 | S154 | S08370 | 2022-03-14 | Female | 73 | NO | Never |
| 698 | S155 | S09776 | 2022-03-16 | Male | 64 | NO | Previously |
| 701 | S156 | T28907 | 2022-03-17 | Male | 71 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 702 | S157 | S10040 | 2022-03-17 | Female | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 705 | S158 | S10081 | 2022-03-18 | Male | 69 | NO | Recently |
| 709 | S159 | T26265 | 2022-03-22 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 710 | S160 | S09944 | 2022-03-22 | Male | 79 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 726 | S161 | S10647 | 2022-03-30 | Female | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 727 | S162 | S10539 | 2022-03-31 | Male | 56 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 737 | S163 | S10972 | 2022-04-06 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 738 | S164 | S11102 | 2022-04-07 | Female | 76 | YES | Never |
| 739 | S165 | S10839 | 2022-04-07 | Female | 60 | NO | Never |
| 741 | S166 | S11277 | 2022-04-08 | Male | 69 | NO | Never |
| 742 | S167 | T70922 | 2022-04-08 | Male | 68 | YES | Recently |
| 743 | S168 | S11415 | 2022-04-08 | Male | 59 | NO | Never |
| 744 | S169 | S11443 | 2022-04-11 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 746 | S170 | S11495 | 2022-04-11 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 749 | S171 | T14361 | 2022-04-12 | Male | 75 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 750 | S172 | S11308 | 2022-04-12 | Female | 72 | NO | Never |
| 751 | S173 | S11608 | 2022-04-12 | Male | 49 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 756 | S174 | S11609 | 2022-04-14 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 759 | S175 | S11702 | 2022-04-14 | Male | 69 | NO | Never |
| 761 | S176 | S11287 | 2022-04-15 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 762 | S177 | S11830 | 2022-04-15 | Female | 73 | NO | Never |
| 766 | S178 | S11852 | 2022-04-18 | Male | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 771 | S179 | S12030 | 2022-04-19 | Male | 39 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 774 | S180 | S11948 | 2022-04-20 | Male | 76 | YES | Previously |
| 775 | S181 | S11651 | 2022-04-20 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 777 | S182 | R31179 | 2022-04-20 | Male | 45 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 778 | S183 | S12041 | 2022-04-21 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 781 | S184 | S12358 | 2022-04-21 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 788 | S185 | S12612 | 2022-04-24 | Female | 80 | NO | Never |
| 791 | S186 | S12279 | 2022-04-25 | Male | 73 | NO | Never |
| 792 | S187 | S12611 | 2022-04-25 | Male | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 793 | S188 | S12685 | 2022-04-25 | Male | 77 | NO | Never |
| 795 | S189 | T01667 | 2022-04-26 | Male | 70 | NO | Never |
| 797 | S190 | S12794 | 2022-04-26 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 798 | S191 | S12507 | 2022-04-26 | Male | 66 | NO | Recently |
| 803 | S192 | S12692 | 2022-04-27 | Male | 58 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 805 | S193 | S12561 | 2022-04-28 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 807 | S194 | T28119 | 2022-04-28 | Male | 64 | NO | Recently |
| 808 | S195 | S13040 | 2022-04-29 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 809 | S196 | S12900 | 2022-04-29 | Male | 80 | YES | Previously |
| 810 | S197 | S12643 | 2022-05-04 | Male | 68 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 811 | S198 | T63815 | 2022-04-29 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 817 | S199 | S13070 | 2022-05-05 | Male | 65 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 820 | S200 | S12899 | 2022-05-06 | Male | 73 | YES | Previously |
| 821 | S201 | S13176 | 2022-05-07 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 823 | S202 | S13261 | 2022-05-07 | Female | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 824 | S203 | S13374 | 2022-05-07 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 826 | S204 | S13483 | 2022-05-09 | Female | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 833 | S205 | S13116 | 2022-05-10 | Male | 77 | NO | Previously |
| 855 | S206 | S14223 | 2022-05-17 | Male | 70 | NO | Never |
| 858 | S207 | R06923 | 2022-05-17 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 862 | S208 | S14373 | 2022-05-18 | Male | 50 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 876 | S209 | T49805 | 2022-05-23 | Female | 69 | YES | Never |
| 878 | S210 | S13808 | 2022-05-24 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 885 | S211 | S14607 | 2022-05-25 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 898 | S212 | S11668 | 2022-05-30 | Male | 56 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 902 | S213 | S15151 | 2022-06-01 | Female | 80 | NO | Never |
| 927 | S214 | S15440 | 2022-06-09 | Male | 66 | NO | Previously |
| 930 | S215 | S15306 | 2022-06-10 | Female | 74 | NO | Never |
| 931 | S216 | S15819 | 2022-06-10 | Male | 72 | YES | Never |
| 935 | S217 | S15456 | 2022-06-13 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 941 | S218 | S15823 | 2022-06-15 | Male | 59 | NO | Never |
| 943 | S219 | S15617 | 2022-06-15 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 952 | S220 | S16159 | 2022-06-17 | Male | 70 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 953 | S221 | S15806 | 2022-06-17 | Male | 63 | NO | Previously |
| 955 | S222 | S16079 | 2022-06-20 | Male | 71 | NO | Never |
| 956 | S223 | S16389 | 2022-06-21 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 963 | S224 | S16299 | 2022-06-22 | Male | 49 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 965 | S225 | S16373 | 2022-06-23 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 966 | S226 | S16633 | 2022-06-23 | Male | 56 | NO | Previously |
| 968 | S227 | S16537 | 2022-06-24 | Male | 70 | NO | Never |
| 975 | S228 | S16877 | 2022-06-28 | Female | 55 | NO | Never |
| 976 | S229 | T08864 | 2022-06-28 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 977 | S230 | S16466 | 2022-06-28 | Female | 72 | YES | Never |
| 979 | S231 | S16830 | 2022-06-29 | Male | 49 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 980 | S232 | S16749 | 2022-06-29 | Male | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 988 | S233 | S16375 | 2022-07-01 | Male | 62 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 990 | S234 | S17088 | 2022-07-04 | Male | 73 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 998 | S235 | S17331 | 2022-07-06 | Male | 59 | NO | Never |
| 1002 | S236 | S17528 | 2022-07-07 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1003 | S237 | S17434 | 2022-07-07 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 1100 | S238 | S17821 | 2022-07-11 | Female | 62 | YES | Never |
| 1102 | S239 | T01274 | 2022-07-12 | Female | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 1104 | S240 | S17445 | 2022-07-12 | Male | 43 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1105 | S241 | S18057 | 2022-07-12 | Male | 47 | NO | Never |
| 1108 | S242 | S17969 | 2022-07-13 | Female | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1113 | S243 | S18074 | 2022-07-15 | Male | 58 | NO | Previously |
| 1116 | S244 | R00118 | 2022-07-18 | Male | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 1117 | S245 | S16576 | 2022-07-18 | Male | 68 | NO | Recently |
| 1122 | S246 | S18684 | 2022-07-20 | Female | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1126 | S247 | S18386 | 2022-07-21 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 1127 | S248 | S18183 | 2022-07-21 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 1134 | S249 | S18839 | 2022-07-25 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1140 | S250 | S18870 | 2022-07-26 | Male | 70 | NO | Previously |
| 1142 | S251 | S18914 | 2022-07-27 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 1143 | S252 | S18755 | 2022-07-27 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 471 | S253 | S03371 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 54 | NO | Never |
| 474 | S254 | T79395 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 55 | NO | Never |
| 478 | S255 | S03260 | 2021-12-09 | Female | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 481 | S256 | S03460 | 2021-12-10 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 483 | S257 | R83711 | 2021-12-10 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 485 | S258 | S03740 | 2021-12-13 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 494 | S259 | S04129 | 2021-12-15 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 497 | S260 | R00627 | 2021-12-15 | Male | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 501 | S261 | S04746 | 2021-12-21 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 502 | S262 | S03978 | 2021-12-16 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 510 | S263 | S03938 | 2021-12-20 | Female | 65 | YES | Never |
| 511 | S264 | T99379 | 2021-12-20 | Female | 72 | YES | Never |
| 512 | S265 | T10451 | 2021-12-20 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 518 | S266 | S04333 | 2021-12-21 | Male | 57 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 523 | S267 | S04793 | 2021-12-22 | Male | 57 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 526 | S268 | S03748 | 2021-12-23 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 527 | S269 | S04559 | 2021-12-23 | Male | 66 | NO | Recently |
| 528 | S270 | S04484 | 2021-12-23 | Male | 57 | NO | Recently |
| 530 | S271 | T27933 | 2021-12-24 | Female | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 532 | S272 | S05007 | 2021-12-24 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 533 | S273 | S04861 | 2021-12-27 | Female | 72 | NO | Never |
| 546 | S274 | S05321 | 2021-12-29 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 556 | S275 | S05449 | 2022-01-03 | Male | 57 | NO | Previously |
| 561 | S276 | S05930 | 2022-01-05 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 563 | S277 | S05638 | 2022-01-05 | Male | 59 | NO | Previously |
| 572 | S278 | S02607 | 2022-01-08 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 578 | S279 | S06522 | 2022-01-22 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 580 | S280 | T32051 | 2022-01-10 | Male | 72 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 581 | S281 | S05954 | 2022-01-10 | Male | 53 | NO | Never |
| 583 | S282 | S05668 | 2022-01-12 | Male | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 584 | S283 | S04499 | 2022-01-12 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 585 | S284 | S06547 | 2022-01-22 | Male | 59 | NO | Previously |
| 591 | S285 | S06226 | 2022-01-17 | Male | 65 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 594 | S286 | S06398 | 2022-01-18 | Male | 76 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 598 | S287 | S06495 | 2022-01-20 | Male | 64 | YES | Recently |
| 599 | S288 | R60755 | 2022-01-24 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 607 | S289 | S06727 | 2022-01-27 | Male | 52 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 609 | S290 | S06760 | 2022-01-28 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 613 | S291 | S06829 | 2022-01-29 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 616 | S292 | S06836 | 2022-02-07 | Female | 60 | NO | Never |
| 617 | S293 | S07157 | 2022-02-08 | Male | 59 | NO | Never |
| 618 | S294 | S07135 | 2022-02-08 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 620 | S295 | S07043 | 2022-02-09 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 630 | S296 | S07398 | 2022-02-14 | Male | 73 | YES | Recently |
| 632 | S297 | S06963 | 2022-02-15 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 635 | S298 | S07621 | 2022-02-16 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 640 | S299 | S07562 | 2022-02-17 | Male | 61 | NO | Never |
| 644 | S300 | S06860 | 2022-02-18 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 645 | S301 | S07407 | 2022-02-21 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 646 | S302 | S07907 | 2022-02-21 | Male | 76 | NO | Never |
| 647 | S303 | S07900 | 2022-02-22 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 649 | S304 | S08029 | 2022-02-22 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 652 | S305 | S08375 | 2022-02-23 | Female | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 653 | S306 | S08358 | 2022-02-24 | Female | 64 | NO | Never |
| 656 | S307 | S08081 | 2022-02-25 | Male | 73 | NO | Never |
| 658 | S308 | S08135 | 2022-02-25 | Female | 72 | NO | Never |
| 661 | S309 | S08462 | 2022-02-28 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 664 | S310 | S08509 | 2022-03-01 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 665 | S311 | S08562 | 2022-03-01 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 666 | S312 | S08319 | 2022-03-01 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 667 | S313 | S08851 | 2022-03-02 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 669 | S314 | S08474 | 2022-03-03 | Female | 66 | YES | Never |
| 671 | S315 | R75753 | 2022-03-04 | Female | 62 | NO | Never |
| 672 | S316 | S08299 | 2022-03-04 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 673 | S317 | R99018 | 2022-03-07 | Male | 61 | NO | Recently |
| 675 | S318 | S08841 | 2022-03-07 | Male | 55 | YES | Previously |
| 676 | S319 | S08610 | 2022-03-08 | Female | 69 | YES | Never |
| 677 | S320 | S08912 | 2022-03-09 | Male | 70 | NO | Never |
| 678 | S321 | S09381 | 2022-03-08 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 679 | S322 | S08705 | 2022-03-08 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 680 | S323 | S06192 | 2022-03-09 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 681 | S324 | R87777 | 2022-03-09 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 683 | S325 | S09126 | 2022-03-09 | Male | 57 | NO | Never |
| 684 | S326 | S09074 | 2022-03-10 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 688 | S327 | S09486 | 2022-03-11 | Female | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 689 | S328 | S09477 | 2022-03-11 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 690 | S329 | S09373 | 2022-03-11 | Male | 68 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 692 | S330 | S09571 | 2022-03-14 | Female | 64 | YES | Never |
| 693 | S331 | T02055 | 2022-03-14 | Male | 73 | Previously | |
| 694 | S332 | S09578 | 2022-03-15 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 695 | S333 | S09707 | 2022-03-15 | Female | 66 | NO | Never |
| 696 | S334 | S09623 | 2022-03-15 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 699 | S335 | S09510 | 2022-03-16 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 703 | S336 | S10147 | 2022-03-18 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 704 | S337 | S10064 | 2022-03-18 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 706 | S338 | S10059 | 2022-03-21 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 711 | S339 | S10279 | 2022-03-23 | Female | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 712 | S340 | T08804 | 2022-03-23 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 715 | S341 | S10177 | 2022-03-24 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 716 | S342 | S10599 | 2022-03-25 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 717 | S343 | S10346 | 2022-03-27 | Male | 64 | NO | Previously |
| 720 | S344 | S10612 | 2022-03-28 | Male | 58 | NO | Never |
| 721 | S345 | S10886 | 2022-03-29 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 722 | S346 | S10690 | 2022-03-29 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 723 | S347 | S10673 | 2022-03-29 | Male | 59 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 724 | S348 | S10715 | 2022-03-30 | Male | 58 | NO | Never |
| 725 | S349 | S10914 | 2022-03-30 | Male | 69 | NO | Never |
| 729 | S350 | S10298 | 2022-03-31 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 730 | S351 | S10971 | 2022-04-01 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 733 | S352 | S10967 | 2022-04-02 | Female | 71 | YES | Never |
| 734 | S353 | S10889 | 2022-04-02 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 735 | S354 | S11110 | 2022-04-02 | Female | 73 | YES | Never |
| 736 | S355 | R97612 | 2022-04-06 | Male | 62 | NO | Never |
| 740 | S356 | T46383 | 2022-04-07 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 747 | S357 | S11242 | 2022-04-11 | Male | 59 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 752 | S358 | S11799 | 2022-04-13 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 753 | S359 | S11408 | 2022-04-13 | Male | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 754 | S360 | S11233 | 2022-04-13 | Female | 80 | NO | Never |
| 757 | S361 | S11675 | 2022-04-14 | Male | 75 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 758 | S362 | S11922 | 2022-04-14 | Male | 38 | YES | Never |
| 760 | S363 | S11453 | 2022-04-15 | Male | 80 | NO | Never |
| 763 | S364 | S03999 | 2022-04-15 | Female | 66 | NO | Never |
| 764 | S365 | S11996 | 2022-04-18 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 767 | S366 | S11903 | 2022-04-18 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 772 | S367 | S11945 | 2022-04-19 | Female | 73 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 776 | S368 | S11615 | 2022-04-20 | Male | 77 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 779 | S369 | S12437 | 2022-04-21 | Male | 61 | NO | Never |
| 780 | S370 | S11575 | 2022-04-21 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 782 | S371 | S11562 | 2022-04-21 | Male | 51 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 783 | S372 | S12232 | 2022-04-21 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 784 | S373 | R35378 | 2022-04-22 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 785 | S374 | S12494 | 2022-04-22 | Male | 79 | NO | Never |
| 786 | S375 | S12510 | 2022-04-22 | Female | 74 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 787 | S376 | S12394 | 2022-04-22 | Female | 64 | YES | Never |
| 789 | S377 | S11784 | 2022-04-24 | Male | 66 | NO | Previously |
| 790 | S378 | S12317 | 2022-04-24 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 794 | S379 | S12462 | 2022-04-25 | Male | 43 | NO | Previously |
| 796 | S380 | S12132 | 2022-04-26 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 799 | S381 | S12617 | 2022-04-26 | Female | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 801 | S382 | S11753 | 2022-04-27 | Male | 55 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 813 | S383 | S12497 | 2022-05-05 | Male | 71 | NO | Never |
| 814 | S384 | S12942 | 2022-05-05 | Female | 61 | YES | Never |
| 815 | S385 | S12968 | 2022-05-05 | Male | 51 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 816 | S386 | T62020 | 2022-05-05 | Female | 72 | NO | Never |
| 818 | S387 | T92235 | 2022-05-06 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 819 | S388 | S13388 | 2022-05-06 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 825 | S389 | S13075 | 2022-05-07 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 828 | S390 | S13530 | 2022-05-09 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 829 | S391 | S13119 | 2022-05-09 | Male | 77 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 831 | S392 | S13326 | 2022-05-10 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 834 | S393 | T69123 | 2022-05-11 | Male | 60 | NO | Previously |
| 835 | S394 | S13544 | 2022-05-10 | Male | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 836 | S395 | S12985 | 2022-05-11 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 837 | S396 | S13363 | 2022-05-11 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 838 | S397 | S13329 | 2022-05-11 | Male | 71 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 842 | S398 | S13570 | 2022-05-12 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 843 | S399 | S13872 | 2022-05-12 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 844 | S400 | S13273 | 2022-05-13 | Female | 71 | NO | Never |
| 845 | S401 | S05757 | 2022-05-13 | Female | 70 | YES | Never |
| 847 | S402 | S13659 | 2022-05-13 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 848 | S403 | S13676 | 2022-05-13 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 849 | S404 | S14002 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 850 | S405 | S14040 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 851 | S406 | S13029 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 852 | S407 | S13792 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 62 | NO | Never |
| 853 | S408 | S13779 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 854 | S409 | S13982 | 2022-05-16 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 856 | S410 | S14203 | 2022-05-17 | Female | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 857 | S411 | S14020 | 2022-05-17 | Male | 76 | NO | Never |
| 859 | S412 | S13834 | 2022-05-17 | Male | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 860 | S413 | S14102 | 2022-05-18 | Female | 71 | YES | Never |
| 861 | S414 | S13803 | 2022-05-18 | Female | 70 | NO | Never |
| 863 | S415 | S14226 | 2022-05-18 | Female | 50 | YES | Never |
| 864 | S416 | S14319 | 2022-05-19 | Male | 73 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 865 | S417 | R17156 | 2022-05-19 | Male | 72 | NO | Previously |
| 866 | S418 | S13727 | 2022-05-19 | Male | 76 | NO | Never |
| 867 | S419 | S14268 | 2022-05-19 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 868 | S420 | S14089 | 2022-05-20 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 869 | S421 | S14362 | 2022-05-20 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 870 | S422 | S13969 | 2022-05-20 | Male | 77 | YES | Never |
| 871 | S423 | S14095 | 2022-05-20 | Female | 50 | NO | Never |
| 872 | S424 | S14228 | 2022-05-23 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 874 | S425 | S14110 | 2022-05-23 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 881 | S426 | S14141 | 2022-05-24 | Female | 67 | YES | Never |
| 883 | S427 | S14424 | 2022-05-25 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 884 | S428 | S14033 | 2022-05-25 | Male | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 887 | S429 | S14508 | 2022-05-26 | Male | 59 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 890 | S430 | S14483 | 2022-05-26 | Male | 53 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 893 | S431 | S13702 | 2022-05-27 | Male | 72 | YES | Previously |
| 894 | S432 | S14614 | 2022-05-30 | Female | 70 | NO | Previously |
| 895 | S433 | S14592 | 2022-05-30 | Female | 70 | NO | Never |
| 897 | S434 | S15036 | 2022-05-31 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 899 | S435 | S13202 | 2022-05-31 | Male | 60 | NO | Previously |
| 900 | S436 | S15169 | 2022-05-31 | Female | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 901 | S437 | S14788 | 2022-05-31 | Male | 48 | NO | Never |
| 903 | S438 | T58694 | 2022-06-01 | Male | 63 | NO | Previously |
| 904 | S439 | S09301 | 2022-06-01 | Male | 52 | NO | Recently |
| 905 | S440 | S15077 | 2022-06-01 | Female | 57 | NO | Never |
| 906 | S441 | S14713 | 2022-06-02 | Female | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 907 | S442 | S15070 | 2022-06-02 | Female | 66 | NO | Never |
| 908 | S443 | S15008 | 2022-06-02 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 909 | S444 | S13589 | 2022-06-02 | Male | 61 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 910 | S445 | S15329 | 2022-06-05 | Male | 67 | NO | Previously |
| 911 | S446 | S15104 | 2022-06-06 | Male | 61 | NO | Previously |
| 912 | S447 | R56879 | 2022-06-06 | Female | 66 | NO | Never |
| 913 | S448 | S15090 | 2022-06-06 | Male | 64 | NO | Never |
| 914 | S449 | S15354 | 2022-06-06 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 915 | S450 | S15233 | 2022-06-06 | Male | 67 | YES | Previously |
| 916 | S451 | S15360 | 2022-06-07 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 917 | S452 | S15485 | 2022-06-09 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 920 | S453 | S15318 | 2022-06-07 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 921 | S454 | S15275 | 2022-06-08 | Male | 81 | NO | Never |
| 922 | S455 | S15401 | 2022-06-08 | Male | 74 | NO | Previously |
| 923 | S456 | S15126 | 2022-06-08 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 925 | S457 | S15017 | 2022-06-09 | Male | 81 | YES | Never |
| 926 | S458 | S15669 | 2022-06-09 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 928 | S459 | S15529 | 2022-06-09 | Male | 65 | NO | Recently |
| 936 | S460 | S15771 | 2022-06-13 | Male | 87 | NO | Previously |
| 937 | S461 | S15316 | 2022-06-13 | Male | 61 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 938 | S462 | S15755 | 2022-06-13 | Male | 50 | NO | Previously |
| 944 | S463 | S14768 | 2022-05-27 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 945 | S464 | S11938 | 2022-05-27 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 947 | S465 | S16143 | 2022-06-16 | Male | 44 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 949 | S466 | S15214 | 2022-06-16 | Female | 79 | NO | Previously |
| 950 | S467 | S15908 | 2022-06-16 | Male | 64 | NO | Previously |
| 951 | S468 | S11209 | 2022-06-17 | Female | 61 | NO | Previously |
| 954 | S469 | S15844 | 2022-06-17 | Male | 51 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 957 | S470 | S15919 | 2022-06-20 | Male | 59 | NO | Never |
| 958 | S471 | S14648 | 2022-06-20 | Male | 62 | NO | Never |
| 961 | S472 | S16331 | 2022-06-22 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 967 | S473 | T43883 | 2022-06-23 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 969 | S474 | S16193 | 2022-06-24 | Male | 47 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 970 | S475 | S16793 | 2022-06-24 | Male | 55 | NO | Never |
| 971 | S476 | S15575 | 2022-06-27 | Male | 59 | NO | Previously |
| 972 | S477 | S16100 | 2022-06-27 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 973 | S478 | S16675 | 2022-06-27 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 981 | S479 | S17000 | 2022-06-29 | Female | 77 | NO | Previously |
| 985 | S480 | S17308 | 2022-07-01 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 986 | S481 | S14561 | 2022-07-01 | Female | 67 | NO | Never |
| 987 | S482 | S16929 | 2022-07-01 | Female | 68 | NO | Never |
| 989 | S483 | S17112 | 2022-07-03 | Male | 70 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 991 | S484 | S17320 | 2022-07-04 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 993 | S485 | S17122 | 2022-07-04 | Female | 59 | NO | Never |
| 996 | S486 | S17306 | 2022-07-05 | Female | 69 | NO | Never |
| 999 | S487 | S17381 | 2022-07-06 | Female | 54 | NO | Never |
| 1000 | S488 | S17156 | 2022-07-06 | Male | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1004 | S489 | S17577 | 2022-07-08 | Male | 53 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1006 | S490 | S17144 | 2022-07-08 | Female | 70 | NO | Never |
| 1007 | S491 | S16719 | 2022-06-28 | Male | 76 | NO | Recently |
| 1008 | S492 | S17848 | 2022-07-11 | Male | 76 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1101 | S493 | S18180 | 2022-07-14 | Male | 73 | NO | Never |
| 1103 | S494 | S18030 | 2022-07-12 | Female | 60 | NO | Never |
| 1109 | S495 | S17713 | 2022-07-14 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 1112 | S496 | S17997 | 2022-07-15 | Female | 77 | NO | Never |
| 1114 | S497 | S18108 | 2022-07-18 | Male | 63 | NO | Never |
| 1118 | S498 | S18221 | 2022-07-19 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1119 | S499 | S17747 | 2022-07-19 | Male | 77 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1124 | S500 | S18286 | 2022-07-20 | Male | 75 | NO | Previously |
| 1125 | S501 | S18639 | 2022-07-20 | Male | 73 | YES | Never |
| 1128 | S502 | S18492 | 2022-07-21 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1129 | S503 | S18645 | 2022-07-21 | Male | 63 | NO | Never |
| 1133 | S504 | S18336 | 2022-07-22 | Male | 77 | NO | Never |
| 1136 | S505 | S18395 | 2022-07-25 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 1138 | S506 | S18880 | 2022-07-26 | Male | 66 | NO | Never |
| 1139 | S507 | S18627 | 2022-07-26 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1144 | S508 | S19116 | 2022-07-27 | Female | 71 | NO | Previously |
| 1145 | S509 | S18928 | 2022-07-27 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1146 | S510 | S18744 | 2022-07-28 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 1147 | S511 | S18480 | 2022-07-28 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 1149 | S512 | S19129 | 2022-07-28 | Male | 57 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 460 | S513 | S03099 | 2021-12-02 | Male | 60 | NO | Never |
| 461 | S514 | S01850 | 2021-12-02 | Male | 53 | NO | Never |
| 464 | S515 | S03710 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 70 | NO | Previously |
| 465 | S516 | S02851 | 2021-12-07 | Male | 65 | NO | Never |
| 470 | S517 | S03657 | 2021-12-07 | Male | 72 | NO | Never |
| 472 | S518 | S03142 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 76 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 473 | S519 | S03344 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 62 | YES | Previously |
| 475 | S520 | S02147 | 2021-12-08 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 476 | S521 | S02870 | 2021-12-09 | Male | 56 | NO | Never |
| 477 | S522 | S03642 | 2021-12-09 | Male | 73 | NO | Previously |
| 480 | S523 | S02629 | 2021-12-10 | Male | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 482 | S524 | S04052 | 2021-12-10 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 489 | S525 | S03890 | 2021-12-14 | Female | 71 | NO | Never |
| 491 | S526 | T80952 | 2021-12-14 | Male | 68 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 492 | S527 | S04176 | 2021-12-14 | Female | 61 | NO | Never |
| 493 | S528 | S03881 | 2021-12-14 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 499 | S529 | S04428 | 2021-12-16 | Male | 68 | YES | Never |
| 508 | S530 | S04239 | 2021-12-17 | Female | 60 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 514 | S531 | S04267 | 2021-12-21 | Male | 68 | NO | Never |
| 515 | S532 | S04341 | 2021-12-21 | Male | 76 | NO | Never |
| 516 | S533 | S04285 | 2021-12-21 | Male | 67 | NO | Never |
| 519 | S534 | S04401 | 2021-12-22 | Male | 66 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 520 | S535 | S04197 | 2021-12-22 | Female | 69 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 521 | S536 | S04873 | 2021-12-22 | Female | 70 | NO | Never |
| 522 | S537 | S04741 | 2021-12-24 | Female | 56 | NO | Never |
| 524 | S538 | S02155 | 2021-12-23 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 525 | S539 | R64659 | 2021-12-23 | Female | 83 | NO | Previously |
| 529 | S540 | S03747 | 2021-12-24 | Female | 59 | YES | Never |
| 531 | S541 | T68966 | 2021-12-24 | Female | 76 | NO | Never |
| 534 | S542 | S04172 | 2021-12-27 | Male | 71 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 536 | S543 | S05203 | 2021-12-29 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 537 | S544 | S05279 | 2021-12-27 | Female | 70 | NO | Never |
| 539 | S545 | S04993 | 2021-12-28 | Female | 62 | NO | Never |
| 540 | S546 | S04452 | 2021-12-28 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 541 | S547 | S05198 | 2021-12-28 | Male | 77 | NO | Recently |
| 542 | S548 | S04848 | 2021-12-28 | Male | 76 | NO | Previously |
| 543 | S549 | S05111 | 2021-12-29 | Male | 73 | YES | Never |
| 544 | S550 | S04445 | 2021-12-29 | Male | 75 | NO | Never |
| 545 | S551 | S05543 | 2021-12-30 | Female | 75 | NO | Never |
| 547 | S552 | S04816 | 2021-12-29 | Male | 63 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 548 | S553 | S05484 | 2021-12-30 | Male | 71 | NO | Recently |
| 549 | S554 | S05178 | 2021-12-30 | Male | 62 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 552 | S555 | S05536 | 2022-01-03 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 558 | S556 | S05196 | 2022-01-04 | Male | 69 | YES | Within 6 weeks |
| 559 | S557 | S05580 | 2022-01-04 | Female | 50 | NO | Never |
| 560 | S558 | S05018 | 2022-01-04 | Male | 58 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 562 | S559 | S05895 | 2022-01-05 | Female | 67 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 564 | S560 | S05090 | 2022-01-05 | Male | 47 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 567 | S561 | S05917 | 2022-01-06 | Male | 53 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 569 | S562 | S05902 | 2022-01-06 | Male | 64 | NO | Previously |
| 570 | S563 | S05791 | 2022-01-06 | Male | 77 | NO | Previously |
| 571 | S564 | S06028 | 2022-01-08 | Female | 56 | NO | Never |
| 573 | S565 | S05845 | 2022-01-08 | Male | 52 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 575 | S566 | R25239 | 2022-01-08 | Male | 64 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 582 | S567 | S05982 | 2022-01-11 | Female | 79 | YES | Never |
| 586 | S568 | S06304 | 2022-01-13 | Male | 59 | NO | Previously |
| 588 | S569 | T24545 | 2022-01-14 | Male | 68 | NO | Previously |
| 590 | S570 | S06322 | 2022-01-17 | Female | 63 | NO | Never |
| 601 | S571 | S06621 | 2022-01-25 | Female | 65 | NO | Never |
| 603 | S572 | S06455 | 2022-01-27 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 604 | S573 | S06702 | 2022-01-26 | Female | 66 | NO | Never |
| 606 | S574 | S06695 | 2022-01-26 | Male | 72 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 608 | S575 | S06805 | 2022-01-28 | Male | 59 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 611 | S576 | S06837 | 2022-01-29 | Male | 65 | NO | Within 6 weeks |
| 612 | S577 | T30067 | 2022-01-29 | Male | 69 | NO | Previously |
| 619 | S578 | S06813 | 2022-02-09 | Female | 62 | YES | Never |
| 628 | S579 | S06994 | 2022-02-08 | Female | 65 | YES | Never |
Table S1. Clinical information of 580 patients with histories of coronary heart diseases
Congruence of qLAMP and culture assays
We analyzed 472 patients were conducted qLAMP as well as culture assays (Table S3). In culture assays, although we found 48 bacterial species and 6 fungi species in total, only the eight species in the pathogen panel were taken into account. Totally, 269 of 480 patients were detected
one of the eight species in culture assays. Among them, 143 of 269 patients obtain the consistent pathogen, that is the pathogen detected by the culture assay was contained in the positive pathogens of qLAMP assays. In details, KP got the highest concordance rate of 86.0%, which was far above other seven pathogens (See details in Table 2).
| Eight-pathogen panel of qLAMP | No. of patients |
| Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) | 10 |
| Klebsiella pneumonia (KP) | 153 |
| Streptococcus pneumonia (SP) | 32 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (SA) | 34 |
| Haemophilus influenza (HI) | 170 |
| Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) | 51 |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) | 2 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) | 26 |
Table S2. Summary of positive patients on each pathogen in qLAMP assays.
Furthermore, clinical diagnostic outcome of pulmonary infection were taken into account. The clinical diagnostic outcomes were considered as a golden standard. We compared the positive rates of qLAMP and culture assays (Table 3). Objectively, culture assays achieved higher positive rate compared to qLAMP assays in the patients with diagnosis of pulmonary infection. The number of positives and negatives of 71 pulmonary infected (or 507 non-pulmonary infected patients) detected by qLAMP or culture assays were shown in Figure 2.
Figure 1
Figure 2
| Case Number | Age | Gender |
| S06995 | 74 | Male |
| S02417 | 66 | Female |
| S07398 | 72 | Male |
| R28536 | 62 | Male |
| S06963 | 64 | Male |
| T90906 | 62 | Male |
| S07621 | 68 | Male |
| S07430 | 62 | Male |
| S07823 | 72 | Male |
| S07562 | 60 | Male |
| S07836 | 67 | Male |
| S06860 | 61 | Male |
| S07407 | 66 | Male |
| S07900 | 66 | Male |
| S07572 | 70 | Male |
| S08029 | 64 | Male |
| S07930 | 64 | Male |
| S08375 | 63 | Female |
| S08274 | 59 | Male |
| T23620 | 67 | Male |
| S08081 | 73 | Male |
| S08272 | 58 | Female |
| S08135 | 71 | Female |
| T47400 | 72 | Male |
| S08462 | 66 | Female |
| S08554 | 72 | Male |
| S08509 | 68 | Female |
| S08562 | 64 | Female |
| S08319 | 63 | Male |
| S08851 | 68 | Male |
| S08303 | 63 | Female |
| S08474 | 65 | Female |
| S08943 | 69 | Male |
| R75753 | 62 | Female |
| S08299 | 63 | Male |
| R99018 | 61 | Male |
| S09152 | 69 | Male |
| S08841 | 54 | Male |
| S08610 | 68 | Female |
| S08912 | 69 | Male |
| S08705 | 72 | Male |
| S06192 | 63 | Male |
| R87777 | 64 | Male |
| S09081 | 63 | Male |
| S09126 | 56 | Male |
| S09074 | 71 | Male |
| S09491 | 64 | Male |
| S09373 | 67 | Male |
| S08370 | 73 | Female |
| S09571 | 63 | Female |
| S09578 | 65 | Male |
| S09707 | 65 | Female |
| S09762 | 61 | Male |
| S09510 | 63 | Male |
| S08654 | 68 | Male |
| T28907 | 70 | Male |
| S10147 | 67 | Male |
| S10064 | 67 | Female |
| S10081 | 68 | Male |
| S10059 | 67 | Male |
| S10185 | 60 | Male |
| S09130 | 79 | Male |
| S09944 | 78 | Male |
| T08804 | 67 | Female |
| S10177 | 67 | Male |
| S10599 | 66 | Female |
| S10346 | 64 | Male |
| S10741 | 73 | Male |
| S10154 | 66 | Male |
| S10886 | 68 | Female |
| S10690 | 68 | Male |
| S10673 | 58 | Male |
| S10715 | 57 | Male |
| S10914 | 69 | Male |
| S10647 | 70 | Female |
| S10539 | 55 | Male |
| S10298 | 66 | Female |
| S10971 | 67 | Male |
| S10967 | 70 | Female |
| S10889 | 60 | Male |
| S11110 | 72 | Female |
| R97612 | 61 | Male |
| S10972 | 72 | Male |
| S11102 | 75 | Female |
| S10839 | 59 | Female |
| S11277 | 68 | Male |
| T70922 | 67 | Male |
| S11415 | 59 | Male |
| S11443 | 66 | Male |
| S11155 | 72 | Male |
| S11495 | 65 | Female |
| S11242 | 58 | Male |
| S11604 | 74 | Female |
| T14361 | 74 | Male |
| S11308 | 71 | Female |
| S11608 | 48 | Male |
| S11799 | 65 | Male |
| S11408 | 70 | Male |
| S11233 | 79 | Female |
| S11710 | 78 | Male |
| S11609 | 61 | Male |
| S11675 | 74 | Male |
| S11922 | 37 | Male |
| S11702 | 69 | Male |
| S11453 | 79 | Male |
| S11287 | 69 | Male |
| S11830 | 72 | Female |
| S03999 | 65 | Female |
| S11996 | 67 | Male |
| S12165 | 80 | Male |
| S11852 | 74 | Male |
| S11903 | 73 | Male |
| S12196 | 61 | Male |
| S12090 | 54 | Male |
| S11872 | 74 | Female |
| S12030 | 39 | Male |
| S11945 | 72 | Female |
| R07653 | 65 | Male |
| S11948 | 76 | Male |
| S11651 | 64 | Male |
| S11615 | 77 | Male |
| R31179 | 44 | Male |
| S12041 | 64 | Male |
| S12437 | 60 | Male |
| S11575 | 74 | Female |
| S12358 | 65 | Male |
| S11562 | 51 | Male |
| S12232 | 64 | Female |
| R35378 | 66 | Female |
| S12494 | 78 | Male |
| S12510 | 74 | Female |
| S12394 | 63 | Female |
| S12612 | 80 | Female |
| S11784 | 65 | Male |
| S12317 | 69 | Male |
| S12279 | 72 | Male |
| S12611 | 75 | Male |
| S12685 | 76 | Male |
| S12462 | 42 | Male |
| T01667 | 69 | Male |
| S12132 | 70 | Male |
| S12794 | 71 | Male |
| S12507 | 66 | Male |
| S12617 | 69 | Female |
| T34652 | 61 | Male |
| S11753 | 55 | Male |
| S08908 | 66 | Male |
| S12692 | 57 | Male |
| S12561 | 71 | Male |
| T28119 | 64 | Male |
| S13040 | 64 | Male |
| S12900 | 79 | Male |
| S12643 | 68 | Male |
| T63815 | 58 | Male |
| S12497 | 71 | Male |
| S12942 | 61 | Female |
| S12968 | 50 | Male |
| T62020 | 72 | Female |
| S13070 | 64 | Male |
| T92235 | 62 | Female |
| S13388 | 69 | Male |
| S12899 | 72 | Male |
| S13161 | 60 | Male |
| S13374 | 66 | Male |
| S13075 | 70 | Female |
| S13483 | 70 | Female |
| S13119 | 76 | Male |
| S12818 | 55 | Female |
| S13092 | 34 | Male |
| S13116 | 76 | Male |
| T69123 | 59 | Male |
| S13544 | 59 | Male |
| S12985 | 67 | Male |
| S13363 | 70 | Male |
| S13329 | 70 | Male |
| S13704 | 62 | Male |
| S13510 | 70 | Male |
| S13570 | 72 | Male |
| S13872 | 63 | Female |
| S13273 | 71 | Female |
| S05757 | 69 | Female |
| S13659 | 65 | Male |
| S13676 | 67 | Male |
| S14002 | 66 | Male |
| S14040 | 68 | Male |
| S13029 | 68 | Male |
| S13792 | 61 | Male |
| S13779 | 63 | Male |
| S13982 | 65 | Male |
| S14223 | 69 | Male |
| S14203 | 69 | Female |
| S14020 | 76 | Male |
| R06923 | 66 | Male |
| S13834 | 59 | Male |
| S14102 | 70 | Female |
| S13803 | 69 | Female |
| S14373 | 50 | Male |
| S14226 | 50 | Female |
| S14319 | 72 | Male |
| S13727 | 75 | Male |
| S14268 | 60 | Male |
| S14089 | 75 | Female |
| S14362 | 68 | Male |
| S13969 | 76 | Male |
| S14228 | 65 | Male |
| S14110 | 68 | Female |
| S14399 | 68 | Male |
| T49805 | 68 | Female |
| S14177 | 62 | Male |
| S13808 | 67 | Male |
| R80255 | 65 | Male |
| S14389 | 60 | Male |
| S14141 | 67 | Female |
| S14505 | 62 | Male |
| S14424 | 63 | Female |
| S14607 | 63 | Male |
| S14508 | 59 | Male |
| S14555 | 68 | Male |
| S14702 | 66 | Female |
| S14483 | 53 | Male |
| S14604 | 56 | Female |
| S14597 | 59 | Male |
| S13702 | 71 | Male |
| S14614 | 69 | Female |
| S14592 | 70 | Female |
| S14696 | 70 | Male |
| S15036 | 66 | Male |
| S11668 | 55 | Male |
| S15169 | 71 | Female |
| S14788 | 47 | Male |
| S15151 | 79 | Female |
| T58694 | 62 | Male |
| S09301 | 51 | Male |
| S15077 | 56 | Female |
| S14713 | 60 | Female |
| S15070 | 66 | Female |
| S15008 | 68 | Male |
| S13589 | 61 | Male |
| S15329 | 67 | Male |
| S15104 | 60 | Male |
| R56879 | 66 | Female |
| S15090 | 64 | Male |
| S15354 | 64 | Male |
| S15360 | 72 | Male |
| S15485 | 62 | Male |
| S15538 | 60 | Male |
| S15275 | 80 | Male |
| S15126 | 66 | Male |
| S15314 | 46 | Male |
| S15017 | 81 | Male |
| S15669 | 67 | Male |
| S15440 | 66 | Male |
| S15529 | 65 | Male |
| S15306 | 73 | Female |
| S15819 | 72 | Male |
| S15666 | 57 | Male |
| S15148 | 68 | Female |
| S15441 | 67 | Male |
| S15456 | 61 | Male |
| S15771 | 86 | Male |
| S15316 | 61 | Male |
| S15755 | 50 | Male |
| S15699 | 63 | Male |
| S15601 | 61 | Male |
| S15823 | 58 | Male |
| S16032 | 77 | Male |
| S15617 | 68 | Male |
| S14768 | 63 | Male |
| S11938 | 66 | Male |
| S15999 | 63 | Male |
| S16143 | 44 | Male |
| S15887 | 54 | Male |
| S15214 | 78 | Female |
| S15908 | 64 | Male |
| S11209 | 61 | Female |
| S16159 | 70 | Male |
| S15806 | 63 | Male |
| S15844 | 51 | Male |
| S16079 | 70 | Male |
| S16389 | 65 | Male |
| S14648 | 62 | Male |
| S16485 | 69 | Male |
| S16308 | 56 | Female |
| S16331 | 66 | Female |
| S16459 | 73 | Male |
| S16299 | 48 | Male |
| S14589 | 74 | Male |
| S16373 | 66 | Male |
| S16633 | 55 | Male |
| T43883 | 74 | Female |
| S16537 | 69 | Male |
| S16193 | 47 | Male |
| S15575 | 59 | Male |
| S16100 | 65 | Male |
| S16960 | 64 | Male |
| S16877 | 54 | Female |
| T08864 | 63 | Male |
| S16466 | 72 | Female |
| S16880 | 77 | Female |
| S16830 | 48 | Male |
| S16749 | 75 | Male |
| S17000 | 76 | Female |
| S16839 | 62 | Male |
| S16799 | 73 | Male |
| S17308 | 67 | Female |
| S14561 | 67 | Female |
| S16929 | 67 | Female |
| S16375 | 61 | Male |
| S17112 | 70 | Male |
| S17088 | 72 | Male |
| S17320 | 72 | Male |
| S17172 | 42 | Male |
| S17122 | 58 | Female |
| S17307 | 64 | Male |
| S17322 | 62 | Male |
| S17306 | 68 | Female |
| S17331 | 58 | Male |
| S17381 | 53 | Female |
| S17156 | 69 | Male |
| S17593 | 75 | Male |
| S17528 | 64 | Male |
| S17434 | 67 | Male |
| S17577 | 53 | Male |
| S17727 | 69 | Male |
| S17144 | 69 | Female |
| S16719 | 75 | Male |
| S17848 | 76 | Male |
| S17820 | 68 | Female |
| S18180 | 73 | Male |
| T01274 | 76 | Female |
| S18030 | 60 | Female |
| S17445 | 43 | Male |
| S18057 | 47 | Male |
| S17857 | 60 | Male |
| S17835 | 72 | Male |
| S17969 | 69 | Female |
| S17713 | 71 | Male |
| S17984 | 59 | Male |
| S18075 | 57 | Male |
| S18074 | 57 | Male |
| S18108 | 62 | Male |
| R00118 | 78 | Male |
| S16576 | 67 | Male |
| S18221 | 62 | Male |
| S18118 | 65 | Male |
| S18330 | 58 | Female |
| S18684 | 60 | Male |
| R04519 | 64 | Male |
| S18286 | 75 | Male |
| S18639 | 73 | Male |
| S18183 | 71 | Male |
| S18492 | 62 | Male |
| S18425 | 47 | Male |
| S18498 | 71 | Female |
| S18336 | 76 | Male |
| S18839 | 71 | Male |
| T72067 | 68 | Female |
| S18395 | 65 | Male |
| S18721 | 67 | Male |
| S18627 | 64 | Male |
| S18870 | 69 | Male |
| S18914 | 64 | Male |
| S18755 | 67 | Male |
| S18928 | 72 | Male |
| S18744 | 64 | Female |
| S18480 | 66 | Male |
| S19102 | 65 | Female |
| T05927 | 70 | Male |
| S03099 | 59 | Male |
| S02851 | 64 | Male |
| S03371 | 54 | Male |
| T79395 | 55 | Male |
| S02147 | 66 | Male |
| S02870 | 56 | Male |
| S03260 | 61 | Female |
| S02629 | 76 | Male |
| S04052 | 65 | Female |
| R83711 | 75 | Female |
| R98520 | 79 | Male |
| S03740 | 61 | Male |
| S03960 | 60 | Male |
| T80952 | 67 | Male |
| S03881 | 65 | Male |
| S03888 | 68 | Male |
| S03893 | 72 | Male |
| R00627 | 76 | Male |
| S04428 | 68 | Male |
| R47647 | 64 | Male |
| S04746 | 65 | Male |
| S03978 | 63 | Male |
| S03264 | 77 | Female |
| S04239 | 60 | Female |
| S04163 | 61 | Male |
| S03938 | 65 | Female |
| T99379 | 72 | Female |
| T10451 | 61 | Male |
| S04341 | 76 | Male |
| S04285 | 67 | Male |
| S04401 | 66 | Male |
| S02155 | 68 | Male |
| S04559 | 66 | Male |
| S03747 | 59 | Female |
| T27933 | 64 | Female |
| T68966 | 76 | Female |
| S04439 | 67 | Male |
| S05279 | 70 | Female |
| S05132 | 65 | Female |
| S04993 | 62 | Female |
| S04452 | 68 | Male |
| S05198 | 77 | Male |
| S05111 | 73 | Male |
| S04445 | 75 | Male |
| S05543 | 75 | Female |
| S05321 | 67 | Male |
| S04816 | 63 | Male |
| S05178 | 62 | Male |
| S05536 | 67 | Male |
| S05168 | 60 | Male |
| S05449 | 56 | Male |
| S05283 | 64 | Male |
| S05196 | 68 | Male |
| S05018 | 57 | Male |
| S05930 | 74 | Female |
| S05895 | 66 | Male |
| S05638 | 58 | Male |
| S05248 | 57 | Male |
| S05917 | 52 | Male |
| S05907 | 75 | Male |
| S05902 | 67 | Male |
| S05791 | 76 | Male |
| S06028 | 55 | Female |
| S02607 | 61 | Male |
| T14192 | 44 | Male |
| R25239 | 63 | Male |
| S06141 | 69 | Male |
| S03497 | 70 | Female |
| S06522 | 63 | Male |
| T32051 | 71 | Male |
| S05954 | 52 | Male |
| S05982 | 78 | Female |
| R60882 | 61 | Male |
| S06226 | 64 | Male |
| S06158 | 67 | Male |
| S06398 | 75 | Male |
| S06083 | 78 | Male |
| S06357 | 66 | Male |
| S06416 | 67 | Male |
| S06495 | 63 | Male |
| R60755 | 68 | Female |
| S06264 | 73 | Female |
| S06621 | 65 | Female |
| S06703 | 67 | Male |
| S06455 | 64 | Male |
| S06702 | 65 | Female |
| S06695 | 71 | Male |
| S06795 | 68 | Male |
| T30067 | 69 | Male |
| S06829 | 65 | Male |
| S06822 | 76 | Male |
| S07014 | 56 | Male |
| S06836 | 59 | Female |
| S07135 | 70 | Male |
| S06813 | 61 | Female |
| S07263 | 53 | Male |
| S13054 | 76 | Male |
| S17350 | 69 | Male |
| S17821 | 62 | Female |
| S18386 | 63 | Female |
| S18880 | 66 | Male |
| S03621 | 61 | Female |
| S03642 | 74 | Male |
| S03749 | 72 | Male |
Table S3. Patients performed qLAMP and culture assays
Demographic and clinical characteristics of qLAMP-detected pulmonary infection comparing with non-pulmonary infection
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with and without pulmonary infection according to qLAMP assays were shown in Table ．Considering the pathogen panel (LP, MP, CP, SP, SA, EC, KP, PA, AB, SM, HI) of qLAMP assays, we analyzed and compared the characteristics or difference between 263 patients with postoperative pulmonary infections (at least one of the eight species in the pathogen panel of qLAMP were detected) and 280 patients without postoperative pulmonary infections (none of the eight species in the pathogen panel of qLAMP were detected).
The statistics analysis involved clinical information and measurements of patients, including age, gender, smoking index, preoperative cardiac function, preoperative oxygenation index, combined basic diseases (pulmonary disease, diabetes), and postoperative tissue oxygen saturation (left SctO2, SmtO2 left forearm measurement).
The results shows significant differences between two groups on age, smoking index, postoperative tissue oxygen saturation (left SctO2 and SmtO2 left forearm measurement).
Demographic and clinical characteristics of clinical diagnosis of pulmonary infection comparing with non-pulmonary infection
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with and without postoperative pulmonary infection are shown in Table 5．We firstly analyzed and compared the characteristics or difference between 473 patients with postoperative pulmonary infection and 70 patients without postoperative pulmonary infection. The statistics analysis involved clinical information and measurements of patients, including age, gender, smoking index, preoperative cardiac function, preoperative oxygenation index, and combined basic diseases (pulmonary disease, diabetes).
There is no significant difference (P>0.05) in the characteristics of the patients between the two groups, including gender, complications, smoking, average cardiac output CO, preoperative oxygen, underlying disease (lung disease and diabetes), and postoperative complications．Only moderate significant difference (P=0.05) between group with age >60 and with age ≤60, indicating the pulmonary infections may present the preference of the elder population.
Here, we report that culture and qLAMP methods were used to identify the potential pathogens that can cause complication in pneumonia. The results show that qLAMP can rapidly and effectively detect pulmonary pathogens and is a rapid diagnostic tool. The authors analyzed clinical characteristics of the patients based on qLAMP results and found associations between age, smoking index, and postoperative tissue oxygen saturation with the occurrence of pulmonary infections.
Postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with coronary atherosclerosis affects the mortality rate, and the correct use of antibiotics can effectively alleviate it, so the detection of pathogens is particularly important. Although culture method is the gold standard for identifying bacteria and fungi, it can lead to delays in targeted antibiotic therapy because bacterial cultures often fail to return useful results in a timely manner. qLAMP has advantages in guiding targeted antibiotic therapy for pulmonary infections.
In recent years, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has become increasingly popular, and qLAMP methods are rapid and cost-effective [14]. Because it can operate at a constant temperature, it overcomes the need for expensive instruments such as thermal cyclers [15]. In addition, qLAMP assays excel in terms of time efficiency [14] and can enable healthcare providers to obtain the necessary results in a timely manner to make timely decisions. Therefore, qLAMP can be used as a potential tool for postoperative pulmonary infection screening.
In order to evaluate the value of qLAMP in detecting pulmonary infection, qLAMP was utilized to detect pathogens. Then the congruence between qLAMP and culture method was compared. Among the detected pathogens, the concordance rate of KP was as high as 86.0%, demonstrating the potential of qLAMP for pathogen detection in pulmonary infection. Next, a comparative analysis of qLAMP tests revealed significant differences in age, smoking index, and postoperative tissue oxygen saturation between patients with and without pulmonary infection. Finally, based on clinical diagnostic outcome, it revealed that pulmonary infection may be a preference in the elderly population. The results of the comparative analysis characterize a wealth of demographic and clinical characteristics.
Although quantitative LAMP (qLAMP) is more expensive than routine bacterial culture, the gross cost of the test is easily compensated by its ability to inform more accurate and timely etiological diagnosis. Due to culture-based assays detecting all living bacterial cells, qLAMP takes advantages over rapid and timely detection of representative pathogens in pulmonary infection.
Inevitably, there are a few limitations in our studies．Firstly, in patients diagnosed with pulmonary infection, the positive rate of culture assay is higher than qLAMP. That indicated that qLAMP should be combined with the culture assasy, rather completely replacing culture assay. Secondly, this study was conducted with a small sample size, and the presence of random effects to some extent affects the conclusions. These limitations provide a novel direction for the research of qLAMP assays.
Here, we used qLAMP assay to quantify the pathogen in samples, then compared the results with culture method. We evaluated the feasibility of qLAMP for postoperative pulmonary infection and revealed the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary infection.
The study was approved by and carried out under the guidelines of the Ethical Committee of Tianjin Chest Hospital, China. All patients provided written informed consent for the collection of samples and subsequent analysis. The sputum specimens were collected between Dec 2021 and July 2022.
Chang Xie: Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing original draft; Zhenhua Wu: Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing original draft; Jie Li: Data curation, Investigation, Formal Analysis; Siyao Dong: Data curation; Yonghong Ren: Formal Analysis; Fanlin Meng：Writing review & editing.
This work was supported by grants from Tianjin Science and Technology Project (20JCZDJC00810).
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We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
