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Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/283
Department of Chemistry of Flavour and Aroma, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
*Corresponding Author: Hamdy A. Shaaban, Department of Chemistry of Flavour and Aroma, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Citation: Hamdy A. Shaaban, (2025), Study of Antimicrobial Activity of five Plant Essential Oils Against Listeria Monocytogenes in Sausages, Clinical Research and Clinical Trials, 13(3); DOI:10.31579/2693-4779/283
Copyright: © 2025, Hamdy A. Shaaban. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 11 August 2025 | Accepted: 27 August 2025 | Published: 04 September 2025
Keywords: essential oils; l. monocytogenes; sausages
The antimicrobial activity of five plant essential oils were evaluated against Listeria monocytogenes, both in vitro and in a food system. Essential oils of thyme, clove, and pimenta were found to be most effective, based on disc diffusion experiments. Thyme and clove proved to be highly effective against L. monocytogenes in peptone water (1g/l) and reduced the bacterial population below detection limits at concentrations of 1 ml/l. Experiments were also carried out in sausage of different fat content (zero-, low-, and full-fat) to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against L. monocytogenes. Thyme essential oil reduced bacterial populations significantly (P≤0.05) at 1 ml/l level in zero- and low-fat sausage, but not in full-fat sausages. At 10 ml/l level it reduced the bacterial population >1.3 log10 cfu/g in zero-fat sausages, but was less effective in lowand full-fat sausages. Clove essential oil also exhibited antimicrobial activity at 1 ml/l in all sausages, and was more effective than thyme at 5 ml/l. However, increasing concentration to 10 ml/l did not result in significant (P≤0.05) reduction of bacterial population. It is concluded that efficacy of essential oils was reduced in a food system due to interaction with food components.
The genus Listeria includes 22 species (Kaszoni-Rückerl et al., 2020) of which L. monocytogenes and L. innocua are the most prevalent. L. monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobe, rodshaped bacteria, about 0.5 _m in width and 1–1.5 _m in length (Gandhi & Chikindas, 2007), with the ability to multiply in a wide temperature range (2–45 _C), a wide pH range (4.6–9.5), and water activity values of at least 0.92 (Buchanan et al., 2017)
Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a food born disease that occurs predominantly in pregnant woman, the elderly and immunosuppressed individuals and can lead to miscarriages and death (Kim & Kathariou, 2009; Swaminathan & Gerner-Smidt, 2007).L. monocytogenes can be found in raw and processed foods suchmilk, dairy products, meat products, seafood and vegetables (Franklin et al., 2004; Nguyen et al., 2008) causing many times the recall of foods with substantial economic losses to the food industry worldwide (Gandhi & Chikindas, 2007).
The Codex Alimentarius defines Ready-to-Eat (RTE) products “any food which is normally eaten in its raw state or any food handled, processed, mixed, cooked, or otherwise prepared into a form which is normally eaten without further listericidal steps” (CAC, 2007), thus taking into consideration the hazard represented by Listeria monocytogenes. This microorganism is a widespread environmental contaminant, due to its extreme adaptability: it can grow at 1.0°C and pH 4.8 (Farber & Peterkin, 1991). These characteristics make many RTE products potential ideal substrate for L. monocytogenes growth and a major source of listeriosis cases (EFSA, 2009 and 2010).
Minimally processed and fresh sauces possess product characteristics and other intrinsic factors that make them potential ideal substrates for the development of various microorganisms, among which L. monocytogenes. Contamination can occur during preparation either as a result of cross contamination due to poor hygienic conditions or of non compliance to correct processing procedures (e.g. use of time-temperature parameters) (Bertollo et al., 2007; Maria Ausilia et al., 2013). Very few and local studies have evaluated the presence of Listeria spp., in fresh sauces, such as basil pesto sauce (Magistroni, 2006) , cheese and mushroom sauces (Grassi et al., 2011).
The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, the lack of new drug development, and increased concern about the use of synthetic additives continues to be a pressing challenge that drives the search for promising alternatives against L. monocytogenes (Chouhan et al., 2017 ). Therefore, the use of natural preservatives, such as essential oils (EOs), has increased. Essential oils are complex mixtures of compounds that are synthesized by different plant parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds). The antibacterial properties of Eos are mainly assigned to individual components (e.g., carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, and cinnamaldehyde) (Ali et al., 2022).
Cross contamination from plant workers is also a possible cause of Listeria spp. getting into the food product after heat treatment (Genigeorgis et al.,1990). It has been shown that L. monocytogenes is able to survive and grow to significant numbers on refrigerated meat products (Grau & Vanderlinde, 1992) making post-process contamination a significant concern for RTE meat products. The meat industry at present uses chemical preservatives like sodium acetate, sodium lactate and various nitrites to prevent the growth of L. monocytogenes in the products. Concerns over the safety of some chemical preservatives have prompted an increased interest in more natural alternatives. There is a need to find safe and effective replacements for chemical preservatives and treatments. Particular interest has been focused on the potential application of plant essential oils. Essential oils have been known to exhibit antibacterial properties for a long time now (Shelef, 1983; Deans & Ritchie, 1987; Aureli et al., 1992; Lis-Balchin & Deans, 1997; Smith- Palmer et al., 1998). Most studies have been conducted using essential oils in vitro using microbiological media (Ting & Diebel, 1992; Remmal et al., 1993; Pandit & Shelef, 1994;Firouzi et al., 1998; Hammer et al., 1999; Campo et al.,2000; Griffin et al., 2000; Elgayyar et al., 2001; Delaquis et al., 2002); consequently, little is understood about their effectiveness when applied to food.
The effect of EOs on bacteria is reflected in the inhibition of their growth or the destruction of the bacterial cell (Swamy et al., 2016 ) through different specific mechanisms of action. The interaction of EOs with the bacteria cells causes the degradation of the cell wall, damage to the cytoplasmic membrane, and damage to membrane proteins. This damage induces the leakage of the cell contents, the coagulation of the cytoplasm, and the depletion of the proton motive force, all causing cell death (da Silva et al., 2021). A study identifying the various plant essential oils against L. monocytogenes and estimating its effectiveness in vitro and in a food matrix system would be of interest in exploring the possible use of these essential oils as a means to prevent food born outbreaks of listeriosis. The objective of this study was to identify the essential oils exhibiting antimicrobial properties against L. monocytogenes; also, to study the efficacy of essential oils as natural preservatives against L. monocytogenes on commercial sausages of different fat contents.
Microorganisms and cultures:
The three different strains of L. monocytogenes selected for the study, Scott A (4b), V7 (1/2a) and F5069 (4b) were obtained from Microbiological Dept. National Research Center (NRC) Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Scott A is the clinical isolate from the 1983 milk born listeriosis outbreak in Massachusetts, and V7&F5069 had been isolated from raw milk (Ryser, 1999). Individual stock cultures were maintained on tryptic soy agar (TSA) (Difco) at 4°C. Cultures were prepared by inoculating a loop of each strain into 10 ml of brain–heart infusion (BHI) broth (Difco) for 24 h at 37°C for 3 consecutive days prior to the experiments. Test cultures were placed on plate count agar (PCA) and enumerated before experiments. Cell concentration was approximately 1 ×109 cfu/ml.
Essential oils:
Five different essential oils that have been known to exhibit antimicrobial properties against L. monocytogenes were selected for the study. The essential oils of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), pimenta (Pimenta dioica), rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis), and sage (Salvia officinalis) were extracted by Chemistry of Flavour & Aroma Dpet.(NRC). All of the essential oils were stored in brown bottles at 4°C. Serial dilutions were prepared by adding equal quantities of ethanol (200 proof) to the essential oils just prior to the experiment to minimize any interaction between the antimicrobial components of the essential oils and ethanol.
Disc diffusion method:
The agar diffusion method was used to detect the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (thyme, clove, pimenta, rosemary, and sage). Culture plates were prepared with 10 ml of PCA (Difco), and were overlaid with 5ml of tryptic soy agar (soft agar) (TSA with 8.0 g agar) at 40±1°C containing 1ml of bacterial culture (1×109 cfu/ml). This was done to ensure a uniform growth of the culture throughout the media plates and to provide an aerobic environment to the L. monocytogenes.Six sterile paper discs (diameter 6.0 mm) were placed at different locations on the surface of culture plates. Serial dilutions of different essential oils were prepared and kept at the room temperature (21°C) prior to the experiments. Five microliters of serial dilutions of essential oil suspension were dropped on each paper disc, and a disc soaked with absolute ethanol (200 proof) were used as the positive control to detect any possible antimicrobial effect due to ethanol content of the dilutions. The treated plates were incubated at 37±1°C for 48 h and were visually inspected for any zone of inhibition around the paper discs.
Inhibition activity in peptone water:
Based on the disc diffusion studies essential oils of thyme, clove, and pimenta were selected for further studies in peptone water (1.0 g/l). Since, no single strain could be identified as the most susceptible to the action of the essential oils; a cocktail bacterial culture was prepared by mixing three different strains, Scott A, F5069, and V7 in the same proportion, and used for all subsequent experiments. Test tubes containing 8.9 ml of sterile peptone water (1.0 g/l) at room temperature (21°C) were inoculated with 0.1 ml of mixed strains of L. monocytogenes and were placed on modified Oxford agar (Difco) to enumerate cell counts. Bacterial count in peptone water was determined to be approximately10 7 cfu/ml. A stock essential oil suspension with oil concentration of ten times the desired strength was prepared by adding the pre-determined essential oil quantity to sterile deionized water, and shaking vigorously by hand to ensure proper dispersion of the suspension. The concentrations of essential oils used are 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ml/l. One milliliter of the stock oil suspension was added to 9 ml of the peptone water (1.0 g/l) containing bacterial culture. The test tube was shaken vigorously for the specified treatment times (5, 10, and 15 min) on a standard test tube shaker (Deluxe Mixer, IL, USA) intermittently to ensure proper dispersion of the essential oils in the suspension. Sterilized water (1 ml) was added to the test media to act as the control for this experiment. Serial dilutions were spread plated (0.1 ml) on plates. After incubation of plates for 48 h at 37°C, presumptive L. monocytogenes colonies were counted and confirmed as being Listeria positive using API Listeria Kit (BioMerieux Inc.,USA).
Beef sausages as model food for antimicrobial study:
Effect of essential oils as antimicrobial agents was studied on the commercially available sausages. Beef sausages with three different levels of fat contents (zero-fat, 0.0 g/kg; low-fat, 90.0 g/kg; and full-fat, 260.0 g/kg) were procured from local stores and were kept frozen (-18°C) in the Department of Food Technology, (NRC) for the duration of the experiments. A representative sample of sausages of different fat content was taken and analyzed for pH using pH meter. The pH of the sausages ranged from 6.3 (zero-fat) to 6.9 pH units (full-fat). Ten milliliters of bacterial culture of each strain (Scott A, F 5069, and V7) (109 cfu/ml) were mixed and diluted with 270 ml of sterile deinonized water. The cocktail bacterial culture was placed on PCA and enumerated before each set of experiments. The bacterial suspension had cell strength of 108 cfu/ml. Two sausages (45–55 g each) were dipped in the bacterial suspension (300 ml) for 2 min, and were continuously stirred by hand to make sure that proper attachment of bacteria took place on the sausages surface. The excess bacterial suspension was drained off and the sausages were air-dried in the class II biosafety cabinet for 3 h at 21°C to dry out any excess moisture present on the sausages surface. Dried samples were then kept overnight in a refrigerator (4±1°C) to ensure sufficient bacterial attachment. The inoculated sausages were sliced in half (23–27 g) using sterile knife and were used for the experimental purposes. The essential oil suspensions of desired strength (1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 ml/l) were prepared by adding measured essential oil quantities in sterilized water and shaken vigorously. Inoculated sausages samples (23–27 g) were placed in a stomacher bag, and essential oil suspension equal to four times in volume of its weight was added into the bag. The stomacher bag was then kept in a plastic container that was continuously stirred at 150 rpm in a shaker at room temperature (21°C) for the specified treatment time (5, 10, or 15 min). After shaking, the essential oil suspension was drained off the stomacher bag. Treated samples were rinsed with sterile water (100 ml) to wash off the adhered oil suspension. Samples were then gently mass aged for 2 min in a stomacher bag containing 100 ml sterile peptone water (1.0 g/l) to release the attached cells into the liquid exudates. Inoculated untreated samples acted as positive control. Samples were also treated with sterilized water for the same treatment period to act as wash control. Samples were analyzed for populations of L. monocytogenes as described previously.
All experiments were replicated three times. The differences in mean were calculated using the Duncan’s multiple-range tests for means with 95% confidence limit (P≤0.05). Pair-wise difference of means was calculated using Tukey’s t-test. Statistical analysis of the data was done using the SAS software. Each value presented represents a mean of six values (duplicate values from each sample from three replicate trials).
Results and Discussion
Preliminary experiments were conducted in vitro using the disc diffusion method to investigate the antimicrobial action of the essential oils of thyme, clove, pimenta, rosemary, and sage (Fig. 1). Thyme oil was the most inhibitory essential oil against all strains of L.monocytogenes. It produced a clear zone of inhibition against strain F 5069 at concentration of 7.8 ml/l, and 15.6 ml/l for Scott A and V7. Clove and pimenta were also inhibitory against L. monocytogenes resulting in a clear zone of inhibition at levels of 31.2 and 15.6 ml/l on various strains. However, rosemary and sage were not very effective as they produced a clear zone of inhibition at relatively high levels of 62.5–125.0 and 125.0–250.0 ml/l, respectively. These results indicate that no particular strain could be determined to be most susceptible or most resistant to the antimicrobial action of the various essential oils. Kim, et al., (1995) noted that in addition to the zone of inhibition being dose dependent, bacterial strains respond differently to the action of various essential oils. Although the exact mechanism of action of essential oils is not known, it is believed to be due to change in the cell membrane structure causing leakage of various enzymes and nutrients (Cox et al., 2000). On the basis of these results, thyme, clove, and pimenta essential oils were selected for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against mixed cocktail culture of three strains of L. monocytogenes in peptone water (1.0 g/l) as rosemary and sage required relatively high levels of concentration to inhibit L. monocytogenes in disc diffusion tests.
Figure 1: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different essential oils against three strains of L.monocytogenes.
Effect of thyme, clove, and pimenta in peptone water:
Table (1) shows the effect of thyme, clove, and pimenta essential oils (concentration and treatment time) on the population of L. monocytogenes in peptone water (1.0 g/l). It is evident that at level 0.1 ml/l, there is no significant (P≤0.05) effect of the thyme oil upon the survival of L. monocytogenes in peptone water from that of control samples. Also, at this level, there is no effect of treatment time with the population recovered after 5,10, and 15 min of treatment. Most drastic effect was observed at the concentration level of 0.5 ml/l, where bacterial population was reduced to 1.98 log10 cfu/g after 5 min. Further, increasing the treatment time to 10 and 15 min caused the bacterial population to decrease below the detection limit. At 1.0 ml/l concentration level, no viable bacteria could be detected for any treatment time combination. Thus, it can be concluded that the antimicrobial effect of thyme essential oil is dependent on the concentration as well as the treatment time. In another study, the minimum bacteriocidal concentration of thyme against L. monocytogenes was found to be 0.3 ml/l (Smith-Palmer et al., 1998).However, in that study the experiments were done in tryptic soy broth (TSB), and the tubes after the addition of essential oils were kept for 24 h. The increased treatment time of 24 h compared to 5–15 min in this study might be a factor resulting in the variation of MIC levels. Aureli et al. (1992) studied the effect of thyme essential oil against L. monocytogenes in saline solution (9.0 g/l). They reported that bacterial growth dropped below detection limits after 4 h, when 1 ml/l of thyme essential oil was added to the different bacterial strains. Duncan’s test of means showed that 10 min treatment time was significantly (P≤0.05) different from 5 min, but not with 15 min. Therefore, only 5 and 10 min, treatment times were chosen for clove and pimento essential oils. Clove and pimenta oil (0.25 ml/l) did not exhibit any inhibitory action against L.monocytogenes irrespective of the treatment time. However, with clove oil (0.5 ml/l) the bacterial population was reduced to 1.29 and 0.97 log10 cfu/g after 5 and 10 min, respectively.
| Essential oil | Treatment time (min) | Control | Population recovered (log10cfu/g) aConcentration (ml/l) | |||
| 0.1 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 1.0 | |||
| Thyme | 5 | 8.16±0.05a | 8.16±0.04a | 8.13±0.04a | 2.78±0.30c | 0±0.0d |
| 10 | 8.16±0.05a | 8.14±0.03a | 8.05±0.06a | 0±0.0d | 0±0.0d | |
| 15 | 8.16±0.05a | 8.13±0.06a | 7.86±0.08b | 0±0.0d | 0±0.0d | |
| Clove | 5 | 8.17±0.03a | ND | 8.12±0.04a | 2.19±0.19b | 0±0.0c |
| 10 | 8.16±0.03a | ND | 8.16±0.04a | 1.87±0.75b | 0±0.0c | |
| Pimenta | 5 | 8.04±0.04a | ND | 8.06±0.07a | 7.76±0.06b | 4.87±0.45c |
| 10 | 8.04±0.04a | ND | 8.07±0.02a | 7.82±0.01b | 4.45±0.15d | |
| 10 | 8.04±0.04a | ND | 8.07±0.02a | 7.82±0.01b | 4.45±0.15d |
Population means in each column or row within the same essential oil treatment with no letters in common are significantly different (P≤0.05).
ND: not determined.
a Values are mean±SD population recovered (log10 cfu/g) (n=3).
Table 1: Effect of thyme, clove, and pimenta essential oil (concentration and treatment time) on the survival of L. monocytogenes in peptone water
Whereas, a slight reduction (<1>10 cfu/g) in viable cell population was observed with pimenta oil. It should be noted that a significant effect of treatment time was observed with thyme oil (0.5 ml/l), which is absent in the case of clove or pimenta essential oil. Thus, it can be concluded that in case of clove or pimenta, the essential oil concentration plays a more dominant role and treatment time has little effect on inhibiting the population of L.monocytogenes. In another study at similar concentrations, clove oil was able to suppress the growth of L.monocytogenes faster than thyme oil (Aureli et al., 1992). No such comparison could be made from the available data in this case. Duncan’s test of means showed that with clove or pimenta oil (0.25 ml/l), the bacterial population recovered was not significantly different from the control samples. However, further increase in concentration to 0.5 and 1.0 ml/l, resulted in a significant decrease in population compared to control sample and between different concentration levels. The MIC for clove oil is 1.0 ml/l and also the same with thyme, but has lower bacteriocidal activity at 0.5 ml/l concentration level. These results are in agreement with the results of Smith-Palmer et al.(1998), who noted that the MIC of clove was greater than that of thyme against L. monocytogenes. MIC of pimenta essential oil in peptone water (1.0 g/l) against L. monocytogenes is >1.0 ml/l. Pimenta essential oil has been reported to reduce L. monocytogenes populations in saline water below detection limits within 4 h at 1.0 ml/l, with a very drastic reduction within the first hour (Aureli et al., 1992). Smith-Palmer et al. (1998) have also reported the MIC of pimenta essential oil against L. monocytogenes to be the same as that of clove essential oil. However, in this study the efficacy of pimenta essential oil in reducing the bacterial
population was not that significant. Thyme and clove were able to reduce the bacterial population significantly at levels of 0.5 ml/l and were bacteriocidal at 1.0 ml/l. It has been observed earlier also that the antimicrobial activity of essential oils might vary considerably since a number of factors like the botanical source of the plant, time of harvesting, stage of development, method of extraction can significantly affect the active constituents of the essential oils (Janssen et al., 1986). Also the variation in the strains being tested and the bacterial load has some effect on the results (Remmal et al., 1993). Based on these results, it is concluded that thyme and clove essential oil have better antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes in peptone water. Both of these essential oils were completely inhibitory to the growth of L. monocytogenes at levels 1.0 ml/l. However, pimenta essential oil is not that effective in reducing the bacterial load in peptone water. Therefore, thyme and clove essential oils were selected to be further tested in a food matrix system of sausages for their efficacy in reducing the population of L. monocytogenes.
Effect of thyme on sausages:
Populations of L. monocytogenes on sausages (zero-,low-, and full-fat) surviving after treatments with thyme essential oil are shown in Table 2. Thyme oil exhibits antimicrobial activity even at 1 ml/l concentration in zero-fat sausages, the population is significantly (P≤0.05) different from control at this level for 5 and 10 min treatment time. No significant difference was observed between 10 and 15 min. Bacterial population is further reduced with increase in oil concentration to 5 ml/l, resulting in a reduction of 0.67–1.05 log10 cfu/g.
| sausagesa | Treatment time (min) | Control | Population recovered (log10cfu/g) bThyme oil concentration (ml/l) | ||
| 1.00 | 5.00 | 10.0 | |||
| Zero-fat | 5 | 6.17±0.00a | 5.70±0.11b | 5.12±0.01ed | 4.84±0.22ed |
| 10 | 5.84±0.13b | 5.12±0.36ed | 4.83±0.14ef | 4.53±0.27f | |
| 15 | 5.52±0.23bc | 5.30±0.16cd | 4.85±0.18ef | 4.66±0.03f | |
| Low-fat | 5 | 6.50±0.01a | 5.81±0.32bcd | 5.87±0.03bcd | 5.86±0.02bcd |
| 10 | 6.13±0.02b | 5.84±0.06bcd | 5.72±0.10cde | 5.47±0.40e | |
| 15 | 6.14±0.09b | 5.95±0.23bc | 5.86±0.05bcd | 5.53±0.21ed | |
| Full-fat | 5 | 6.64±0.22a | 6.49±0.24ab | 6.20±0.05bcd | 6.09±0.07cde |
| 10 | 6.44±0.16a | 6.47±0.06ab | 6.08±0.20cde | 6.02±0.16cde | |
| 15 | 6.44±0.10ab | 6.31±0.16bc | 5.91±0.19ed | 5.85±0.09b | |
a Fat content in sausages: zero-fat (0 g/kg), low-fat (90 g/kg), full-fat (260 g/kg). Initial inoculated population of L. monocytogenes on sausages:5.71 log10 cfu/g. Control: Population of L. monocytogenes after washing with sterilized water.
b Values are mean±SD population recovered (log10 cfu/g) (n=3). Population means in each column or row within the same sausages sample with no letters in common are significantly different (P≤0.05).
Table 2: Effect of thyme essential oil (concentration and treatment time) on the survival of L. monocytogenes in sausages (zero-, low- and full-fat)
At the maximum oil concentration tested (10 ml/l), the population is reduced by 0.86–1.33 log10 cfu/g. It should be noted that at 1 ml/l concentration level, the bacterial population was reduced below the detection limit in the peptone water experiments. Effect of essential oils is known to be reduced in a food matrix system as a result of interaction with the different components of food, thus requiring much larger concentrations to reduce the bacterial populations (Farbood et al., 1976; Smith-Palmer, et al., 2001). In low-fat sausages, only a slight decrease in recovered population was observed when the thyme oil concentration was increased to 5 ml/l (0.28–0.63 log10 cfu/g reduction), and 10 ml/l (0.61–0.66 log10 cfu/g reduction). Therefore, the increase in fat content from zero- to low-fat, caused an appreciable reduction in the antimicrobial activity of the thyme essential oil as observed in the population of L. monocytogenes. The effect of thyme oil concentration and treatment time), on the recovered population of L. monocytogenes in full-fat sausages shows that there is no significant (P≤0.05) difference between populations at 1 ml/l concentration and the control samples. The reduction observed is in the range of 0–0.15 log10 cfu/g.Upon increasing the concentration to 5 ml/l, a slight decrease in population was observed (0.44–0.53 log10 cfu/g reduction), which was not significantly (P≤0.05) different from population recovered when the oil concentration was increased to 10 ml/l (0.42–0.59 log10 cfu/g reduction). It should be noted that in case of zero fat sausages log reductions >1.30 were observed at similar concentrations tested. Therefore, it is evident from the results that the antimicrobial activity of thyme essential oil is greatly reduced in the presence of fat present in sausages. Similar observations were also reported earlier by Smith-Palmer et al. (2001). They found that the composition of cheese was shown to be an important factor in determining the effectiveness of the plant essential oils.
Effect of clove oil on sausages:
The antimicrobial effects of clove oil on L. monocytogenes inoculated onto sausages (zero-, low- and full-fat) are presented in (Table 3). Results show that clove essential oil at 1 ml/l concentration significantly (P≤0.05) reduced the bacterial population by 0.88–0.99 log10 cfu/g for the two treatment times (5 and 10 min) in zero-fat sausages. Increasing the concentration further to 5 ml/l resulted in further reduction of 1.15–1.71 log10 cfu/g in bacterial population. At 10 ml/l concentration, no further increase in the inhibitory effect of clove essential oil was observed. Clove oil exhibited greater inhibitory effect than thyme essential oil in zero-fat sausages, resulting in a greater reduction of population. Also, unlike thyme essential oil, the maximum inhibitory effect was achieved at 5 ml/l, and further increase in the concentration did not result in any significant (P≤0.05) reduction. This result is of much importance since the sensory quality of food product often limits the use of plant essential oil as an antimicrobial agent. Similar results were observed in low-fat sausages. In full-fat sausages, inhibitory effect of clove oil was noted at 1 ml/l concentration resulting in a 0.39–0.58 log10 cfu/g reduction in population for 5 and 10 min treatment times. However, the bacterial reduction noted at this level is less than those observed for zero- and low-fat sausages. Increasing the oil concentration to 5 ml/l resulted in 1.06–1.21 log10 cfu/g reduction. Further increasing the concentration to 10 ml/l had no significant (P≤0.05) effect on the population in full-fat sausages. Explanations have been given for this behavior, interference of various food components with essential oils, protective effects of fat and protein, reduction of available water etc. A significant (P≤0.05) effect of treatment time (5 and 10 min) was observed on survival population of L. monocytogenes in full-fat sausages after treatment with clove essential oil (1 ml/l).
| sausagesa | Treatment time (min) | Control | Population recovered (log10cfu/g) bclove oil concentration (ml/l) | ||
| 1 | 5 | 10 | |||
| Zero-fat | 5 | 6.60±0.21a | 5.61±0.07bc | 5.45±0.14bc | 5.57±0.37bc |
| 10 | 6.77±0.07a | 5.89±0.33b | 5.06±0.46c | 5.05±0.75c | |
| Low-fat | 5 | 6.70±0.00a | 6.04±0.08b | 5.68±0.16bc | 5.57±0.16bc |
| 10 | 6.85±0.05a | 5.87±0.23b | 5.30±0.65c | 5.66±0.10bc | |
| Full-fat | 5 | 7.13±0.12a | 6.74±0.08b | 5.92±0.05d | 5.85±0.04d |
| 10 | 6.98±0.23a | 6.40±0.25c | 5.92±0.04d | 5.82±0.06d | |
Table 3: Effect of clove essential oil (concentration and treatment time) on survival of L. monocytogenes population in sausages (zero-, low- and full-fat)
Population means in each column or row within the same sausages sample with no letters in common are significantly different (P≤0.05).
a Fat content sausages: zero-fat (0 g/kg), low-fat (90 g/kg), full-fat (260 g/kg). Initial inoculated population of L. monocytogenes on sausages:6.12 log10 cfu/g. Control: Population of L. monocytogenes after washing with sterilized water.
b Values are mean±SD population recovered (log10 cfu/g) (n=3).
This result is different from those observed in zero- and low-fat sausages. It is possible that longer contact time between L. monocytogenes and clove essential oil for 10 min helped to overcome the protection offered by excess fat present in the sausages to the cell wall of L. monocytogenes. Whereas, in case of zero- and low-fat sausages, the maximum antimicrobial action might have already occurred before 10 min of exposure, thereby resulting in no significant difference beyond that time. Although bacterial population was reduced as a result of essential oils, the antimicrobial action was highly dependent on the fat content and somewhat on the treatment time. At concentration levels of 10 ml/l, the resulting reduction in population was <1>10 cfu/g and even less at 5 ml/l concentration. Clove essential oil was much more effective than thyme at all the levels tested. It had a lower MIC level than thyme in sausages of different fat contents. The treatment time had no significant effect on the reduction of L. monocytogenes populations in sausages. Therefore, essential oils alone cannot provide complete protection against pathogens in sausages.
Based on the preliminary disc diffusion tests, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of various plant essential oils ranged from 7.8 to 250 ml/l against different strains of L. monocytogenes tested. Thyme, clove, and pimenta proved to be more effective in inhibiting the bacterial growth in vitro than rosemary and sage. In peptone water, the essential oils had ability to significantly (P≤0.05) reduce the bacterial population of L. monocytogenes even at relatively low levels of 0.5 ml/l. A reduction of 5–6 log10 cfu/g was observed at this level in case of thyme and clove. Pimenta however, was not as much effective in reducing the bacterial load. At 1.0 ml/l levels the bacteria were reduced below detection limits by thyme and clove, and a 3 log10 cfu/g reduction was observed for pimenta. In the experiments done with sausages, although bacterial population was reduced as a result of essential oils, the antimicrobial action was highly dependent on the fat content. At concentration levels of 10 ml/l, the resulting reduction in population was <1>10 cfu/g and even less at 5 ml/l. Clove essential oil was much more effective than thyme at all the levels tested. The treatment time had no significant effect on the reduction of populations in sausages. Therefore, essential oils alone cannot provide complete protection against pathogens in sausages. The antimicrobial action of essential oil has been known to depend on the bacterial load and might prove to be more effective in food products that have a lower level of bacterial contamination. Alternatively, they can be used as a means to increase the bacterial ‘‘hurdle’’ in products that have a strong flavour, thereby reducing the resultant organoleptic properties. Most promising application would be the use of plant essential oils in conjunction with other preservation techniques like combination with chemical preservatives, low-temperature, low-O2, high-pressure techniques to develop a synergistic alternative to current methods.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, we deeply appreciate the interest shown in our work and its publication. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you. The peer review process, as well as the support provided by the editorial office, have been exceptional, and the quality of the journal is very high, which was a determining factor in our decision to publish with you.
The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews journal clinically in the future time.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for the trust placed in our team for the publication in your journal. It has been a true pleasure to collaborate with you on this project. I am pleased to inform you that both the peer review process and the attention from the editorial coordination have been excellent. Your team has worked with dedication and professionalism to ensure that your publication meets the highest standards of quality. We are confident that this collaboration will result in mutual success, and we are eager to see the fruits of this shared effort.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, I hope this message finds you well. I want to express my utmost gratitude for your excellent work and for the dedication and speed in the publication process of my article titled "Navigating Innovation: Qualitative Insights on Using Technology for Health Education in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients." I am very satisfied with the peer review process, the support from the editorial office, and the quality of the journal. I hope we can maintain our scientific relationship in the long term.
Dear Monica Gissare, - Editorial Coordinator of Nutrition and Food Processing. ¨My testimony with you is truly professional, with a positive response regarding the follow-up of the article and its review, you took into account my qualities and the importance of the topic¨.
Dear Dr. Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator 0f Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, The review process for the article “The Handling of Anti-aggregants and Anticoagulants in the Oncologic Heart Patient Submitted to Surgery” was extremely rigorous and detailed. From the initial submission to the final acceptance, the editorial team at the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” demonstrated a high level of professionalism and dedication. The reviewers provided constructive and detailed feedback, which was essential for improving the quality of our work. Communication was always clear and efficient, ensuring that all our questions were promptly addressed. The quality of the “Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions” is undeniable. It is a peer-reviewed, open-access publication dedicated exclusively to disseminating high-quality research in the field of clinical cardiology and cardiovascular interventions. The journal's impact factor is currently under evaluation, and it is indexed in reputable databases, which further reinforces its credibility and relevance in the scientific field. I highly recommend this journal to researchers looking for a reputable platform to publish their studies.
Dear Editorial Coordinator of the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing! "I would like to thank the Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing for including and publishing my article. The peer review process was very quick, movement and precise. The Editorial Board has done an extremely conscientious job with much help, valuable comments and advices. I find the journal very valuable from a professional point of view, thank you very much for allowing me to be part of it and I would like to participate in the future!”
Dealing with The Journal of Neurology and Neurological Surgery was very smooth and comprehensive. The office staff took time to address my needs and the response from editors and the office was prompt and fair. I certainly hope to publish with this journal again.Their professionalism is apparent and more than satisfactory. Susan Weiner
My Testimonial Covering as fellowing: Lin-Show Chin. The peer reviewers process is quick and effective, the supports from editorial office is excellent, the quality of journal is high. I would like to collabroate with Internatioanl journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
My experience publishing in Psychology and Mental Health Care was exceptional. The peer review process was rigorous and constructive, with reviewers providing valuable insights that helped enhance the quality of our work. The editorial team was highly supportive and responsive, making the submission process smooth and efficient. The journal's commitment to high standards and academic rigor makes it a respected platform for quality research. I am grateful for the opportunity to publish in such a reputable journal.
My experience publishing in International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was exceptional. I Come forth to Provide a Testimonial Covering the Peer Review Process and the editorial office for the Professional and Impartial Evaluation of the Manuscript.
I would like to offer my testimony in the support. I have received through the peer review process and support the editorial office where they are to support young authors like me, encourage them to publish their work in your esteemed journals, and globalize and share knowledge globally. I really appreciate your journal, peer review, and editorial office.
Dear Agrippa Hilda- Editorial Coordinator of Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, "The peer review process was very quick and of high quality, which can also be seen in the articles in the journal. The collaboration with the editorial office was very good."
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the support and efficiency provided by the editorial office throughout the publication process of my article, “Delayed Vulvar Metastases from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.” I greatly appreciate the assistance and guidance I received from your team, which made the entire process smooth and efficient. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, contributing to the overall quality of the final article. I am very grateful for the high level of professionalism and commitment shown by the editorial staff, and I look forward to maintaining a long-term collaboration with the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews.
To Dear Erin Aust, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation for the opportunity to have my work published in this esteemed journal. The entire publication process was smooth and well-organized, and I am extremely satisfied with the final result. The Editorial Team demonstrated the utmost professionalism, providing prompt and insightful feedback throughout the review process. Their clear communication and constructive suggestions were invaluable in enhancing my manuscript, and their meticulous attention to detail and dedication to quality are truly commendable. Additionally, the support from the Editorial Office was exceptional. From the initial submission to the final publication, I was guided through every step of the process with great care and professionalism. The team's responsiveness and assistance made the entire experience both easy and stress-free. I am also deeply impressed by the quality and reputation of the journal. It is an honor to have my research featured in such a respected publication, and I am confident that it will make a meaningful contribution to the field.
"I am grateful for the opportunity of contributing to [International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews] and for the rigorous review process that enhances the quality of research published in your esteemed journal. I sincerely appreciate the time and effort of your team who have dedicatedly helped me in improvising changes and modifying my manuscript. The insightful comments and constructive feedback provided have been invaluable in refining and strengthening my work".
I thank the ‘Journal of Clinical Research and Reports’ for accepting this article for publication. This is a rigorously peer reviewed journal which is on all major global scientific data bases. I note the review process was prompt, thorough and professionally critical. It gave us an insight into a number of important scientific/statistical issues. The review prompted us to review the relevant literature again and look at the limitations of the study. The peer reviewers were open, clear in the instructions and the editorial team was very prompt in their communication. This journal certainly publishes quality research articles. I would recommend the journal for any future publications.
Dear Jessica Magne, with gratitude for the joint work. Fast process of receiving and processing the submitted scientific materials in “Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions”. High level of competence of the editors with clear and correct recommendations and ideas for enriching the article.
We found the peer review process quick and positive in its input. The support from the editorial officer has been very agile, always with the intention of improving the article and taking into account our subsequent corrections.
My article, titled 'No Way Out of the Smartphone Epidemic Without Considering the Insights of Brain Research,' has been republished in the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The review process was seamless and professional, with the editors being both friendly and supportive. I am deeply grateful for their efforts.
To Dear Erin Aust – Editorial Coordinator of Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice! I declare that I am absolutely satisfied with your work carried out with great competence in following the manuscript during the various stages from its receipt, during the revision process to the final acceptance for publication. Thank Prof. Elvira Farina
Dear Jessica, and the super professional team of the ‘Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions’ I am sincerely grateful to the coordinated work of the journal team for the no problem with the submission of my manuscript: “Cardiometabolic Disorders in A Pregnant Woman with Severe Preeclampsia on the Background of Morbid Obesity (Case Report).” The review process by 5 experts was fast, and the comments were professional, which made it more specific and academic, and the process of publication and presentation of the article was excellent. I recommend that my colleagues publish articles in this journal, and I am interested in further scientific cooperation. Sincerely and best wishes, Dr. Oleg Golyanovskiy.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator of the journal - Psychology and Mental Health Care. " The process of obtaining publication of my article in the Psychology and Mental Health Journal was positive in all areas. The peer review process resulted in a number of valuable comments, the editorial process was collaborative and timely, and the quality of this journal has been quickly noticed, resulting in alternative journals contacting me to publish with them." Warm regards, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. I appreciate the journal (JCCI) editorial office support, the entire team leads were always ready to help, not only on technical front but also on thorough process. Also, I should thank dear reviewers’ attention to detail and creative approach to teach me and bring new insights by their comments. Surely, more discussions and introduction of other hemodynamic devices would provide better prevention and management of shock states. Your efforts and dedication in presenting educational materials in this journal are commendable. Best wishes from, Farahnaz Fallahian.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. I am delighted to have published our manuscript, "Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): A rare but serious complication following caesarean section." I want to thank the editorial team, especially Maria Emerson, for their prompt review of the manuscript, quick responses to queries, and overall support. Yours sincerely Dr. Victor Olagundoye.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. Many thanks for publishing this manuscript after I lost confidence the editors were most helpful, more than other journals Best wishes from, Susan Anne Smith, PhD. Australian Breastfeeding Association.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The entire process including article submission, review, revision, and publication was extremely easy. The journal editor was prompt and helpful, and the reviewers contributed to the quality of the paper. Thank you so much! Eric Nussbaum, MD
Dr Hala Al Shaikh This is to acknowledge that the peer review process for the article ’ A Novel Gnrh1 Gene Mutation in Four Omani Male Siblings, Presentation and Management ’ sent to the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews was quick and smooth. The editorial office was prompt with easy communication.
Dear Erin Aust, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice. We are pleased to share our experience with the “Journal of General Medicine and Clinical Practice”, following the successful publication of our article. The peer review process was thorough and constructive, helping to improve the clarity and quality of the manuscript. We are especially thankful to Ms. Erin Aust, the Editorial Coordinator, for her prompt communication and continuous support throughout the process. Her professionalism ensured a smooth and efficient publication experience. The journal upholds high editorial standards, and we highly recommend it to fellow researchers seeking a credible platform for their work. Best wishes By, Dr. Rakhi Mishra.
Dear Jessica Magne, Editorial Coordinator, Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Auctores Publishing LLC. The peer review process of the journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions was excellent and fast, as was the support of the editorial office and the quality of the journal. Kind regards Walter F. Riesen Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter F. Riesen.
Dear Ashley Rosa, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews, Auctores Publishing LLC. Thank you for publishing our article, Exploring Clozapine's Efficacy in Managing Aggression: A Multiple Single-Case Study in Forensic Psychiatry in the international journal of clinical case reports and reviews. We found the peer review process very professional and efficient. The comments were constructive, and the whole process was efficient. On behalf of the co-authors, I would like to thank you for publishing this article. With regards, Dr. Jelle R. Lettinga.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, I would like to express my deep admiration for the exceptional professionalism demonstrated by your journal. I am thoroughly impressed by the speed of the editorial process, the substantive and insightful reviews, and the meticulous preparation of the manuscript for publication. Additionally, I greatly appreciate the courteous and immediate responses from your editorial office to all my inquiries. Best Regards, Dariusz Ziora
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Auctores Publishing LLC, We would like to thank the editorial team for the smooth and high-quality communication leading up to the publication of our article in the Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. The reviewers have extensive knowledge in the field, and their relevant questions helped to add value to our publication. Kind regards, Dr. Ravi Shrivastava.
Dear Clarissa Eric, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, Auctores Publishing LLC, USA Office: +1-(302)-520-2644. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for the efficient and professional handling of my case report by the ‘Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies’. The peer review process was not only fast but also highly constructive—the reviewers’ comments were clear, relevant, and greatly helped me improve the quality and clarity of my manuscript. I also received excellent support from the editorial office throughout the process. Communication was smooth and timely, and I felt well guided at every stage, from submission to publication. The overall quality and rigor of the journal are truly commendable. I am pleased to have published my work with Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, and I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration. Sincerely, Aline Tollet, UCLouvain.
Dear Ms. Mayra Duenas, Editorial Coordinator, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. “The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews represented the “ideal house” to share with the research community a first experience with the use of the Simeox device for speech rehabilitation. High scientific reputation and attractive website communication were first determinants for the selection of this Journal, and the following submission process exceeded expectations: fast but highly professional peer review, great support by the editorial office, elegant graphic layout. Exactly what a dynamic research team - also composed by allied professionals - needs!" From, Chiara Beccaluva, PT - Italy.
Dear Maria Emerson, Editorial Coordinator, we have deeply appreciated the professionalism demonstrated by the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. The reviewers have extensive knowledge of our field and have been very efficient and fast in supporting the process. I am really looking forward to further collaboration. Thanks. Best regards, Dr. Claudio Ligresti
Dear Chrystine Mejia, Editorial Coordinator, Journal of Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation. “The peer review process was efficient and constructive, and the editorial office provided excellent communication and support throughout. The journal ensures scientific rigor and high editorial standards, while also offering a smooth and timely publication process. We sincerely appreciate the work of the editorial team in facilitating the dissemination of innovative approaches such as the Bonori Method.” Best regards, Dr. Matteo Bonori.
